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Volume 35, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Hiroshi Takeda1992 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: January 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFunctional aberrations in vascular endothelium induced by high ambient-glucose states are presumed to be the initial step in longstanding angiopathy in patiens with diabetes mellitus. In this in vitro study using cultured endothelial cells we examined the activities of cells exposed to high ambient D-glucose and glycated type IV collagen. Concentrations of D-glucose over 20 mM and 40 mM in culture medium evoked initial enhancement of cell growth and c-AMP synthesis, followed by impairment after 4 days of incubation. Synthesis of PGI2, on the other hand, was suppressed after 2 days of incubation. The overlaid effects of glycated type IV collagen on cultured endothelial cells were observed as the early suppression of PGI2 synthesis and impairment of cell growth after 24hrs of incubation. However, the addition of aminoguanidine with high ambient D-glucose during the formation of glycated collagen significantly prevented the functional impairment of endothelial cells induced by the addition of glycated collagen.
It is concluded that the function of endothelial cells is influenced not only by high ambient D-glucose but by glycation of type IV collagen.View full abstractDownload PDF (1281K) -
Hitoshi Ikami, Norihiko Aoki1992 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 9-15
Published: January 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInsulin receptors (IR) are usually measured on the basis of their interaction with 125I-labeled insulin, and although this method permits quantification of IR in human peripheral monocytes, it has the drawback of requiring a large volume of blood. In the present study, we characterized IR in human monocytes by flow cytometry (FCM) using indirect immunofluorescence with a murinemonoclonal antibody against human IR. The monocyte IR level was expressed as cumulative fluorescence intensity (CFI) and obtained using the formula: mean fluorescence intensity × positivecells (%)÷100. Before performing FCM, mononuclear cells were exposed to a saturating amount (100 μg/mι) of monoclonal anti-IR antibody, followed by incubation with fluorescein-conjugated sheep anti-mouse IgG. There was a good correlation between monocyte IR levels detected by FCM and by the usual method using 125I-insulin binding. In order to assess the practical value of the present FCM method, we evaluated IR in monocytes from patients with Graves' disease, a pathological state well known to be associated with insulin hypersecretion. The IR level of monocytes in hyperthyroid patients was significantly lower than in normal subjects. The observation that there was an inverse correlation between fasting serum insulin level and IR expression by monocytes in Graves' disease suggests that down-regulation of IR was produced by hyperinsulinemia. Thus, thepresent FCM technique employing only a small volume of blood provides a new and convenient approach to the evaluation of IR which should allow more extensive clinical studies of the dynamics of this receptor in diabetes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1246K) -
Utilization of Power Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate VariabilityNobuyuki Ueda1992 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 17-23
Published: January 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHeart rate variability is an expression of autonomic nerve function. To assess autonomic nerve dysfunction, power spectral analyses were conducted on the consecutive R-R records of healthy controls (N/C, n=27) and age-matched diabetics with (DMN, n=25) and without neuropathy (DM, n=14) before and after deep breathing and standing. Low frequency (0.01-0.1Hz) components (LF) and high frequency (0.2-0.35Hz) components (HF) of power spectral density were measured as expressions of sympathetic activity and parasympathetic activity, respectively.
In N/C deep breathing decreased LF and increased HF, and standing increased LF and decreased HF. N/C had significantly (p<0.05) larger LF and HF than DM or DMN. In DMN, neither stimulus produced any significant changes in either LF or HF. In DM, both stimuli caused considerable (but not significant) changes in LF and HF. Neither stimulus, however, affected the coefficients of variation of R-R intervals in any of the three groups.
These results indicate that power spectral analysis of heart rate variability is quite useful in quantitatively evaluating autonomic nervous dysfunction in diabetics.View full abstractDownload PDF (1170K) -
Shigeki Miyamoto, Nozomu Sasaki1992 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 25-29
Published: January 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) of 64 nsulin-dependent diabetic patients with an abnormal AER (>15μg/min) was investigated.Age ranged from 3 to 28 years with a diabetic history of from 0.5 to 19 years, with onset before the age of 15 years. The AER was determiend on the basis of first daily urine measurements. Patients also underwent an ophthalmic examination, and motor nerve conduction velocity were measured and coefficients of variation of their ECG R-R intervals were measured. The patients'mean hemoglobin (Hb) A1c concentrations were assessed for 3 years to monitor control of their diabetes.
Fifty-seven patients were found to be normoalbuminuric, and the remaining 7 (11%) were microalbuminuric. The youngest microalbuminuric patient was 13 years old. Thus we examined clinical differences between normoalbuminuric patients (n=41) and microalbuminuric patients (n=7) over 12 years of age. No significant differences were detected between the two groups with regard to sex, mean HbA1c, hypertension, or neuropathy. Age was significantly higher in the microalbuminuric group of patients (p<0.05).
Thus, an elevated AER is not always accompanied by other complications.View full abstractDownload PDF (672K) -
Tomohiro Mitsukawa, Hirotaka Toshimori, Hideki Yamaguchi, Seiichi Enok ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 31-36
Published: January 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReports of an association between diabetes insipidus and hyperosmolar diabetic coma are very rare. We have recently encountered 2 cases of diabetes insipidus associated with hyperosmolardiabetic coma.Hypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus developed after surgical treatment of craniopharyngioma. Before the development of hyperosmolar diabetic coma the patients complained of thirst and polydipsia probably due to poor control of diabetes insipidus. A diagnosis of hyperosmolardiabetic coma was made on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings. The patients were successfully treated for their glucose intolerane with half-normal saline solutions, insulin and desmopressin, and eventually with diet alone. We believe that glucose tolerance should be carefully and serially monitored in patients with diabetes insipidus.View full abstractDownload PDF (978K) -
Yoshihiko Kuroda, Hidetaka Nakayama, Satoru Kuwajima, Shin Aoki, Tomok ...1992 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 37-40
Published: January 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been shown that a significant number of growth factors transduce intracellular signals via the same pathway which is induced by oncogene products. Recently, it has been reported that insulin receptor associates with PI3-kinase and activates production of the D-3 phosphoinositides.
We studied the influence of insulin on PI 3-kinase activity in the isolated rat adipocyte.
Insulin treatment of adipocytes caused a remarkable increase in the PI kinase activity in immunoprecipitates induced by anti-phosphotyrosine antibody. PI kinase activity was half-maximal at 1.15×10-8M of insulin. Enzyme activity in the immunoprecipitates from insulin-stimulated adipocytes was capable of phosphorylating phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidyl-inositol4-phosphate and phosphatidyl-inositol 4, 5-bisphosphate. A deacylated product of phosphorylated phosphatidyl-inositol corresponding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, was eluted on anion exchange HPLC at 34 min. This demonstrates that insulin regulates PI 3-kinase activity not only in cultured cell lines, but also in isolated rat adipocytes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1988K) -
1992 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 41-75
Published: January 30, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (8986K) -
1992 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 98
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (59K)
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