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Volume 38, Issue 8
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Shigehito Mori, Tsukasa Hirashima, Kazuya Kawano, Takashi Natori1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 593-599
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the preventive and therapeutic effects of dietary restriction on diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in OLETF rats. Fifty-five male OLETF rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Group A, 30% food restriction from 6 to 80 weeks of age (OLETF: n=14); Group B, 30% food restriction from 6 to 30 weeks of age (OLETF: n=11); Group C, 30% food restriction from 30 to 80 weeks of age (OLETF: n=10), and a full-feeding group (OLETF: n=20).
In group A and B, the development of diabetes was completely prevented until 25 weeks of age, whereas about 30-50% of rats were affected with diabetes after 30 weeks of age in group A and significant increase in the rate of occurrence of diabetes was observed after the start of non-restricted feeding in group B. In group C, the incidence of diabetes gradually decreased after food restriction. Lower levels of urinary protein were observed in the food restriction groups than in the full-feeding OLETF rat group. Histopathologically, both severe fibrosis and atrophy in the pancreatic islets and progression of diabetic nephropathy were prevented by food restriction.
Thus, the results showed that the OLETF rat is useful for the study of dietary control of type II diabetes and its renal complications.View full abstractDownload PDF (3233K) -
Tsutomu Araki, Yohei Tofuku1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 601-606
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSQTc interval prolongation at rest has been reported in diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between QTc interval prolongation after exercise and autonomic neuropathy in diabetic patients. Master two-step exercise tests were carried out in 20 diabetic patients and 20 healthy controls, and the QTc interval at rest and 1, 3 and 5min after exercise, and the differences between the values at rest and after exercise (ΔQTc) were calculated. Although there were no significant differences between the groups in the QTc intervals at rest, 1, 3 or 5min after exercise or in the ΔQTc 1 min after exercise, the ΔQTcs 3 and 5min after exercise were significantly greater in the diabetic group than in the control group. The coefficient of variation of the RR interval at rest was significantly lower in diabetic patients with a ΔQTc of more than 20 msec 5min after exercise than in the other diabetic patients. The QTc interval prolongation 5min after exercise in diabetic patients appears to be amarker of mild or early autonomic neuropathy.View full abstractDownload PDF (844K) -
Seishi Nagano, Yasunori Moritomo, Munekazu Kurokawa, Tetsu Ebara, Hiro ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 607-613
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSerum lipid peroxide (LPO) levels in 170 patients with “borderline diabetes” as defined by the Japan Diabetes Society were measured and compared with their levels in normal subjects and NIDDM patients of the same age and sex. Prior to the study, the borderline diabetes patients were classified into a group with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)(n=58) according to the WHO definition and a group without impaired glucose tolerance (non-IGT)(n=112). Serum LPO levels were determined as the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Serum LPO levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in the non-IGT, IGT, and NIDDM groups than in normal subjects, but there were no significant differences among the three groups. The positive correlation between TBARS levels and age seen in normal subjects was not observed in the non-IGT and IGT groups. However, positive correlations between TBARS levels and serum lipid levels, especially triglyceride levels (TG)(p<0.01), and between TBARS level and body mass index (p<0.05) were observed in the non-IGT group and IGT group, respectively. No correlations between TBARS levels and insulinsecretion were detected in any of the borderline diabetic groups or in the NIDDM group. Since serum LPO levels have been reported to play a crucial role in the onset and progression of arterio sclerotic diseases, the results of this study suggest that borderline diabetics are a population with susceptibility to arteriosclerosis, the same as NIDDM patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (1173K) -
Hirokuni Naito, Tsutomu Hirano, Gen Yoshino, Seiichi Furukawa, Seishi ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 615-624
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe prevalence of small dense low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) has been recognized as a non-traditional risk factor of coronary artery disease.Since cardiovascular mortality is strikingly higher in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with nephropathy, we measured LDL size in NIDDM with and without diabetic nephropathy.Because 87% of the NIDD Mpatients had hypertension, we selected essential hypertensive subjects as controls.The hypertensive control subjects (n=26) and the NIDDM patients (n=84) were divided into four subgroups besed on the leveloftheirurinaryalbuminexcretionindex (albumin (mg)/creatinine (g)): 20<mormo-albuminuria (AU), 20-200: micro-AU, 200-1000: macro-AU, and 1000<: massive AU.LDL particle size was determined by 3% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (LipoprintTM-LDL system, Quantimetrix) and average size was estimated by the migration rate (Rf) of LDL between VLDL and HDL.The Rfwas significantly higher (indicating that LDL particle was smaller) in micro-AU in both the control and the NIDDM patients than in normo-AU, and highest in NIDDM with massive AU.Rf was significantiy correlated with the levels of AU, plasma triglyceride (TG), apoprotein B and inversely correlated with HDL-cholesterol levels.Multivariate analysis revealed that the Rf was the most strongly correlated with the level of AU, and this correlation was independent of the correlation with plasma TG concentrations.When hypertriglyceridemic subjects (TG>150mg/dl) were excluded from each of the groups, the Rf values were still higher in micro-AU and massive AU than in normo-AU.The results of the present study indicate that LDL particle size decreases in essential hypertensive subjects with micro-AU and patients with diabetic nephropathy, suggesting that metabolic abnormalities besides hypertriglyceridemia derived from kidney dysfunction are associated with the prevalence of small LDL particle size.View full abstractDownload PDF (3098K) -
Kazumasa Okada, Hiroyoshi Kikuoka, Mika Kokawa, Mihoko Ihozaki, Keiko ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 625-630
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report the case of a 51-year-old man who developed IDDM after interferon-α therapy (9 million U/day) for type C chronic active hepatitis.The patient's liver disorder was diagnosed as chronic active hepatitis with partial cirrhotic change by liver biopsy, and about 6 months after the institution of interferon-α(IFN-α) therapy he developed severe hyperglycemia.A diagnosis of IDDM was made since a large dose of insulin (68 U/day) was needed for glycemic control, the endogenous insulin secretion was severely impaired (urinary CPR: 12μg/day;Δ CPR5;0.3ng/ml during a 1mg glucagon load iv), and DR4 was detected in his HLA haplotype.
IFN-α is thought to produce pancreatic B cell damage by enhancing the expression of major histocompatibility (MHC) antigen on the cell surface.A similar phenomenon may occur when the immune system is altered by HCV-indiuced liver disease.In addition, specific HLA haplotype is also thought to be a significant factor in this autoimmune response.We recommend that blood glucose levels and/or glucose tolerance be monitored during IFN therapy of type C chronic hepatitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1089K) -
Masahiko Kawasumi, Toshio Tohjima, Kentaro Mochizuki, Tomoyuki Arisaka ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 631-636
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn 85-year-old man hospitalized for heart failure demonstrated frequent extra ventricular systoles. Disopyramide (DPM)(100mg, three times daily) was prescribed for the latter symptom.On the 11th hospital day, he became unresponsive with a fasting serum glucose level of 21mg/dl.His mental status improved after intravenous dextrose infusion.Hypoglycemia did not reocur after discontinuing the DPM therapy.During the hypoglycemic attack, his fasting plasma insulin level and insulin-glucose ratio were normal.Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp showed no increase in tissue sensitivity to insulin.His plasma glucose response to intravenous injection of 1mg of glucagon was less than 1/2 that of normal subjects, and no rise in plasma insulin was observed.These results suggest that the mechanism of DPM-induced hypoglycemia may be related to impairment of glycogen storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (914K) -
Keiichiro Tanigawa, Toshiyuki Hara, Ritsuto Fujiwaki, Yuzuru Kato, Man ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 637-641
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe present herein the case of a pregnant diabetic woman who delivered an infant with atresia of the ileum.Body weights of her first and second infants were 3760g and 3600g, respectively, indicating the tendency for giant babies. She was noted to have glycosuria and ketonuria during the course of her first pregnancy, but never examined for the possibility of diabetes mellitus. At the third pregnancy, her height and body weight were 165cm and 65kg.
At 33 weeks gestation, she was admitted to our university hostital due to threatened premature delivery. An ultrasonographic examination revealed a large-for-date fetus (estimated weight; 3900g) and suspected intestinal atresia. Ketosuria persisted after food restriction (1200 kcal). A 75g oral glucose tolerance test revealed a diabetic pattern at 36 weeks gestation, and the HbA1c concentration was 5.1%.
Ceasarean section was perfomed because of the possibility of shoulder dystocia at 37 weeks. Birthweight was 3776g. The ileal atresia was diagnosed postnatally, and emergency operation was performed. This case strongly suggests that further examination and management in suspected prediabetic pregnant women is required beginning early in pregnancy.View full abstractDownload PDF (2434K) -
Makoto Iwasaki, Shotaro Yoneda, Tatsuo Okishio1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 643-647
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy accompanied by acute sensorineural hearing loss is presented. The patient was a 53-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus and hypertension of 8-years duration. She experienced sudden blurred vision in the left eye accompanied by tinnitus and sudden sensorineural hearing loss within a week. Physical examination revealed bilateral carotid bruits and impaired deep tendon reflexes. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple subcortical infarcts without specific symptoms or signs. Ophthalmological and otological diagnoses were anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and sensorineural hearing loss respectively. She was treated with urokinase, prostaglandin E1 and Vitamin B, after which only hearing acuity improved. We suspect that atherosclerotic changes in the cerebrovascular system, associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, are responsible for the lesions.View full abstractDownload PDF (2292K) -
Yoshihiko Suzuki, Hitoshi Yasuda, Yoshihito Atsumi, Kazuhiro Hosokawa, ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 649-655
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe experienced a 64 year-old man who had recurrent attacks of pain compatible with multiple mononeuropathies. He was diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus at age 50, but his glycemic control was good. At age 59, he rapidly lost weight and developed diffuse pain or paresthesias at peripheral nerve areas. General laboratory tests were nearly within normal limits, without particular signs of inflammation. Nerve conduction studies demonstrated decreased velocities along with the areas of abnormal sensation, suggesting the diagnosis of mononeuropathy multiplex. Pathological study of a sural nerve biopsy demonstrated decreased myelinated fiber density and moderate thickening of the perineurium. Further more, in some areas where marked thickening of the perineurium existed, moderate invasion of mononuclear cells was seen. Based on this evidence, we diagnosed sensory perineuritis. Although improvement occurred with steroid therapy, the patient did not continue the therapy because of worsening of glycemic control. The true mechanism of sensory perineuritis remains to be clarified, and might thus have been overlooked among miscellaneous features of diabetic neuropathy. Therefore, this disease should be considered in diabetic patients with an atypical presentation of multiple mononeuropathies.View full abstractDownload PDF (2997K) -
K. Aihara, S. Kageyama, I. Taniguchi, Y. Isogai, N. Nakamichi, M. Kawa ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 657-660
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelaxant effects of a potassium channel opener (PCO) on contraction induced by norepinephrine and interactions of PCO and sulfonylureas in aortas from control and diabetic rats were investigated. Relaxant effects of PCO on norepinephrine induced contraction were attenuated in diabetic rats as compared with those in control rats, suggesting an abnormality of potassium channels in diabetes. With sulfonylurea pretreatment, the contraction-response curves for the relaxant effects of PCO were significantly attenuated and also shifted to the right in diabetic rats as compared with those in control rats. Tolbutamide exerted an effect in a concentration range similar to the therapeutic range, suggesting the possibility of an interaction between tolbutamide and PCO in clinical usage.View full abstractDownload PDF (450K) -
1995 Volume 38 Issue 8 Pages 661-674
Published: August 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3581K)
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