VITAMINS
Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 92, Issue 10
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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  • Study on the action mechanism for the anti-diabetes mellitus effect of bis(hinokitiolato)Zn(II) complex
    Yuki Naito, Hiroyuki Yasui, Yutaka Yoshikawa
    2018 Volume 92 Issue 10 Pages 439-449
    Published: October 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.92.10_439
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Many zinc complexes are known to exhibit a blood glucose-lowering effect in diabetic mellitus (DM) model animals. However, the action mechanism for their anti-DM effect has not been elucidated. It has been reported that hinokitiol, which is a compound extracted from natural products, has a high safety for humans. Recently, a complex of hinokitiol with zinc, bis(hinokitiolato)zinc complex ([Zn(hkt)2]) has been shown to have a blood glucose-lowering effect. In this study, therefore, we attempted to elucidate the action mechanism for the anti-DM effect of [Zn(hkt)2]. [Zn(hkt)2] activated the insulin signaling pathway in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes by inducing Akt/protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation in an insulinindependent manner. Moreover, [Zn(hkt)2] had an inhibitory effect on protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which are the major negative regulators of the inuslin signaling pathway, in the adipocytes. [Zn(hkt)2] enhanced the phosphorylation of insulin receptor β (IRβ) or insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), each of which is situated in the upstream of Akt and is involved in the receptor-mediated insulin function, in the adipocytes with insulin, which contributes to an enhancement of insulin function. These results suggest that [Zn(hkt)2] exerts an anti-DM effect not only in an insulin-independent manner by itself, but also by an insulin receptor-mediated stimulation of insulin function in combination with insulin.
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  • Vitamin B6 and schizophrenia
    Yukiko Tomioka, Shusuke Numata, Tetsuro Ohmori
    2018 Volume 92 Issue 10 Pages 450-456
    Published: October 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.92.10_450
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Accumulating evidence indicates that alterations in one-carbon metabolism may play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. We focused on vitamin B6 (pyridoxal), which works as a coenzyme in one-carbon metabolism. We first conducted a case-control study and demonstrated that serum pyridoxal levels were significantly lower in the schizophrenia group than in the control group. Subsequently, we conducted a meta-analysis of case-control studies and achieved the similar result to the case-control study. Finally, we investigated the causality between serum pyridoxal levels and schizophrenia by a Mendelian randomization analysis. However, we could indicate no significant causality between serum pyridoxal levels and schizophrenia in the Japanese population. Further studies such as a longitudinal study will be needed because there are several studies on the benefits of vitamin B6 in schizophrenia.
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  • Recent launching trend of foods with function claims in Japan and the attaching points at issue
    Koichi Abe
    2018 Volume 92 Issue 10 Pages 457-460
    Published: October 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.92.10_457
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  • Conformational changes of cellular retinol-binding proteins following ligandbinding to their proteins
    Yoshihiro Mezaki
    2018 Volume 92 Issue 10 Pages 461-463
    Published: October 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.92.10_461
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  • Folate metabolism regulates survival and differentiation of oligodendrocyte
    Katsuya Miyajima, Satoshi Hara, Hiroshi Ichinose
    2018 Volume 92 Issue 10 Pages 464-465
    Published: October 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.92.10_464
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE Vol 64, No 4
    2018 Volume 92 Issue 10 Pages 466-470
    Published: October 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: October 31, 2019
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.92.10_466
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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