VITAMINS
Online ISSN : 2424-080X
Print ISSN : 0006-386X
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Volume 44, Issue 5
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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  • Studies on Myoinositol : (XIII) THE INCORPORATION OF ^3H-MYOINOSITOL INTO PHOSPHATIDYL-INOSITOL OF FATTY LIVER
    Syed H. HASAN, Yokichi NAKAGAWA, Ikuo NISHIGAKI, Kunio YAGI
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 231-235
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_231
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    To approach the mechanism of lipotropic action of myoinositol, the incorporation of ^3H-myoinositol into phospholipid of the liver organelles was examined in normal and dietary fatty liver animals. ^3H-Myoinositol was found to be exclusively incorporated into phosphatidyl-inositol fraction in all the cases examined. The total incorporation of ^3H-myoinositol into phosphatidyl-inositol fraction in the fatty liver organelles was equal, if not higher, than that of the normal ones. This result shows that even in the fatty liver the phosphatidyl-inositol synthesizing enzymes are still intact in spite of the disturbance of lipoprotein synthesizing and secretion machinery as reported previously, and supports the view that the administered myoinositol promotes the synthesis of phosphatidyl-inositol and the repair of membranes which seem to contribute to the synthesis and secretion of β-lipoprotein of the liver, resulting in the lipotropic action.
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  • Effects of Thiamine Deficiency, Restoration and Some Hormone Administrations on Transketolase Activity in Rat Liver
    Kisaburou TAKAHASHI
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 236-244
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_236
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    Albino rats were made deficient by thiamine deprivation, restored by thiamine administration, loaded with a large dose of thiamine and made diabetic with alloxan or adrenalectomized. The transketolase activities and thiamine contents in the liver of these animals were determined and the following results were obtained. 1. Thiamine deficiency caused a marked decrease in rat liver transketolase which showed one-seventh of that for the control after 28 days of thiamine deprivation, though the activity increased tentatively in the beginning of deficiency. The thiamine content in the liver also decreased to one-tenth of that for the control. 2. The decreased activities could not be restored by the addition in vitro of thiamine diphosphate on the contrary of α-keto acid dehydrogenase in liver mitochndria. This suggested the decrease of apo-andor holoenzyme of transketolase. 3. In restoration of thiamine deficiency with thiamine (40 μg) administration, the transketolase activity was almost not improved after six hours of the administration, although thiamine content was recovered to normal. The complete restoration of the enzyme needed 3 to 5 days with daily administration of thiamine (40 μg), although daily administration of thiamine (2 mg) promoted the enzyme restoration. 4. Thiamine pyrophosphokinase in the liver had not altered through the deficient stadium. 5. Daily administration of a large dose of thiamine to rats gave no change in liver transketolase of which was observed no coenzyme induction with thiamine as well as other thiamine dependent enzymes. 6. Alloxan treatment or adrenalectomy and treatment with insulin or hydrocortisone of rats had no effects on the activities of liver transketolase.
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  • Studies on Anticoccidial Thiamine Antagonists
    Toshio WATANABE, Kimiaki HAYASHI, Satoshi OSHIMA, Hidehumi TANAKA
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 245-252
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_245
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    About 40 kinds of thiamine derivatives were synthesized and examined for anticoccidial activity using chicks infected with Eimeria tenella. As the result, some compounds tested were found to be coccidiostatic against Eimeria tenella. Some considerations were also made on the relationship between chemical structure and pharmacological activity.
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  • Separation of Fat-soluble Vitamins by Gel Filtration : (VIII) INFLUENCE OF COLUMN SIZE AND FLOW RATE TO THE SEPARATION OF FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS ON THE SEPHADEX LH-20 COLUMN
    Fumio UEDA, Teruo MAKINO
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 253-257
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_253
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    In order to get informations on the conditions for separation of fat-soluble vitamins by gel filtration using Sephadex LH-20 as bed and chloroform as eluting solvent, experiments were made with vitamins A alcohol, D_2,E, A acetate and E acetate. The relationship between resolution and column size was investigated by calculation of the value of peak resolution R. The influence of flow rate on the efficiency of a column was studied by the comparison of the value of height equivalent to a theoretical plate HETP.
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  • On the Bis-type Vitamin B_1 Derivative, Cyclobismethylenethiamine : (I) FORMATION OF THE COMPOUND AND SYNTHESIS OF ο-ACYL DERIVATIVES
    Naoto YONEDA, Katsuaki HAGIO, Harunori YASUO, Yuzo MATSUOKA
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 258-262
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_258
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    It was found that a crystalline product (III), mp 284-289℃ (decomp), was obtained by the reaction of B_1 and formalin in the presence of sec. amine in an aqueous alkaline solution. The product (III) was treated with acid anhydride to afford the corresponding ο-acyl derivatives (IV). From chemical and physical data of III and IV, III was assumed to be a bis-type structure, 2,7,13,18-tetramethyl-6,17-diformyl-8,19-di (2-hydroxyethyl)-dipyrimido [4,5-d ; 4', 5'-m]1,10-dithia-3,7,12,16-tetraazacyclooctadeca-4,8,13,17-tetraene, consisting of molar B_1 and 2 molar formaldehyde. Depending upon its cyclic bis-type structure, III was abbreviated as cyclobismethylene-thiamine (CBMT). Formation conditions of CBMT were investigated. CBMT and its ο-acyl derivatives were proved to be little effective to promote the growth of thiamine-deficient rats.
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  • On the Bis-type Vitamin B_1 Derivative, Cyclobismethylenethiamine : (II) DESULFURIZATION WITH RANEY NICKEL
    Naoto YONEDA, Harunori YASUO, Katsuaki HAGIO
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 263-267
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_263
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    In order to confirm the structure of CBMT (II), desulfurization of II with Raney Ni was carried out, and then a desulfurized product (IV), mp 110-112°, was obtained. As a comparative experiment, TDS (III) and trans-S-butyl thiamine (VI) gave the corresponding desulfurized products (V) and (VII), respectively by the similar procedure. From the result of acid hydrolysis and physical data of the desulfurized products, the structure of IV was determined to be cis-N-[(2-methyl-4-methylaminopyrimidin-5-yl) methyl]-N-(1-methyl-4-hydroxy-1-butenyl)-formamide. The structure of CBMT was consequently confirmed as III proposed in the previous paper from above results.
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  • On the Bis-type Vitamin B_1 Derivatives, Cyclobismethylenethiamine : (III) ALKALI DECOMPOSITION
    Kenji MASUKAWA, Kiichiro FURUSAKI, Yoshimi FUJIKAWA, Harunori YASUO, N ...
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 268-271
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_268
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    Alkali decomposition of CBMT, was investigated. CBMT was readily decomposed to B_1 and formaldehyde by the treatment with an alkaline solution at pH&gnE;12. The formation ratio of B_1 and formaldehyde was found to be one to one by quantitative analysis. The mechanism of alkali decomposition of CBMT was suggested by polarographic behaviours.
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  • Effects of Vitamin B_<12> and of Aldosterone on the Conduction of Sensory and Motor Nerve Impulse
    Chifuyu TAKESHIGE, Yukihiko ANDO, Mitsuyoshi ANDO, Ichizo KIKUCHI, Jun ...
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 272-282
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_272
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    The effect of Vitamin B_<12> and aldosterone on nerve conduction was examined as observing action potentials of dorsal and ventral roots isolated from frogs and rabbits. Both B_<12> and aldosterone selectively blocked nerve conduction of sensory nerve. If large doses of those compounds were applied, nerve conduction of motor nerve was also blocked. Therefore those compounds has local anesthetic action. However their blocking action was different from that of procaine in following several features a) latent period existed before initiating blocking action b) progress of blocking action was slower than that of procaine c) lower concentration of those compounds potentiate action potential d) temperature of medium influenced on producing blocking action, decreasing temperature increased threshold, therefore higher concentration of those compounds which block nerve conduction potentiate nerve action potential in lower temperature.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 287-
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: March 14, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_287_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 287-288
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_287_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 288-
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_288_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 288-289
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_288_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 289-290
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_289
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 290-291
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_290
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 291-292
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_291
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 292-
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_292_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 292-293
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_292_2
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 293-
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_293_1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 293-
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_293_2
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1971 Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 294-
    Published: November 25, 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20632/vso.44.5_294
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