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Volume 40 (2000 - 200･･･
- Issue 2 Pages 87-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 40, Issue 2
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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TOSHIKAZU ONO, YUKIKO HASEGAWA2001 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 87-94
Published: July 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study investigated physical stereotypes of victims of ijime (bullying in school). A group of judges were asked to identify ijime victims from facial photographs of 49 middle school students from two classes. Their judgements were concentrated on a handful of photographs. One particular photograph was judged to be an ijime victim by about 70% of the judges. Another group of judges rated the same set of photographs on apparent weakness. Finally, the former classmates of the photographed students were contacted by mail and asked to report who had been the actual victims of ijime in their class. No statistically significant relationship was observed between the actual ijime victims as reported by their former classmates and the photographs judged to be ijime victims by the first group of judges. However, the student judged by about 70% of the first group of judges to be a victim was the one whom his former classmates most consistently reported to have been an actual victim.View full abstractDownload PDF (1031K) -
Critical Comments on Wagner's ViewKATSUYA YAMORI2001 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 95-114
Published: July 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSocial representation theory, as proposed by Moscovici in 1960's, should be regarded as a meta-theory for social psychological studies. It emphasizes social constructionism instead of a subject-object paradigm for its epistemological bases. In the present study, Wagner's view of social representation is discussed, proposing the following three modifications. First, it is proposed that social representation is not merely a cognitive entity located inside the mind, representing an object, but the seemingly represented object itself. Second, this understanding of social representation is rejected to introduce a second, a more accurate view arguing that social representation is a process through which an object, belonging to a world of“something” (a world that can be defined only by the presence of indefinable“something”), is socially constructed. Finally, the second definition of social representation was replaced by the final one that social representation is a process through which the world of“something”, where both objective and subjective moments are mixed up unseparatedly, is differentiated and elaborated into a subject and an object.View full abstractDownload PDF (3093K) -
KAZUAKI KAWANO2001 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 115-121
Published: July 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Self-Concealment Scale (SCS; Larson & Chastain, 1990) was translated and altered to apply for Japanese subjects. Introvert stimulus-seeking score of the Kida's Stimulus-Seeking Scale (KSSS) and the Japanese SCS significantly correlated with self-report bodily symptoms after controlling number of friend, number of close friend, frequency of casual conversation and extrovert Stimulus-seeking score of the KSSS (n=593). The results suggested that stress induced by active inhibition (Pennebaker, 1989) is regulated by amount of distressing and concealed experiences and accessibility to these memories.View full abstractDownload PDF (974K) -
CHIHIRO KAWANISHI2001 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 122-128
Published: July 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study investigated the influence of a facial intelligence on impression formation. Ninety-three female undergraduate participated in an experiment. After studying behavioral descriptions and photograph of intellectual or unintellectual target's face, they were asked to form impression and infer the possibility of target's intellectual behavior. Main results were as follows: (1) In both rating the difference of intellectual and unintellectual target's face were large, target who has intellectual face was perceived more intelligent and inferred to do wiser behavior. (2) Controlling for intelligence of face eliminated the differences, but controlling for liking of face didn't. That is, people don't perceive that a person who has attractive face may be seen as more intelligent, but they infer intelligence from face directly and utilize it to impression formation at least when other persons' information is ambiguous or undiagnostic.View full abstractDownload PDF (1116K) -
YASUSHI KOIDE2001 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 129-136
Published: July 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to develop a scale of sex & gender receptiveness and to confirm its reliability and the validity. The study used the questionnaire's method with students (male: 117, female: 117). The results didn't confirm the reliability of the scale very much, but they confirmed the validity of the scale because of the following four reasons: (a) the average of women's sex & gender receptiveness scores is lower than the average of men's sex & gender receptiveness scores, (b) regardless of sex, the higher they hold gender personality which is consistent with sex of them, the higher it makes them hold sex & gender receptiveness, by contrast, (c) regardless of sex, the higher they hold gender personality which is inconsistent with sex of them, the lower it makes them hold sex & gender receptiveness, (d) the stronger feminism-orientedness is, the lower sex & gender receptiveness is.View full abstractDownload PDF (1063K) -
KUMIKO SUGIMOTO2001 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 137-144
Published: July 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is, based upon referent informational influence, to examine the group context that generates of group polarization (GP) for varying the outgroup position. Prototype is prescribed by the meta-contrast ratio (MCR), in case the ingroup position is similar to outgroup one, the prototype of it polarizes to differentiate it with outgroup. GP is to generate through the conformity with this polarized prototype. Then, it was hypothesized that GP generates based upon referent informational influence when ingroup position is similar to outgroup one, it does not when difference exits between both positions regardless of the direction of them. It was established three conditions (similar to outgroup, different from outgroup but same direction and different direction). At the result of discussion after presentation of three conditions, it supported the hypothesis. The examination regarding the relationship between attitude shift neglecting conformity and the conformity by referent informational influence showed both conformity to the prototype and attitude shift in the similar condition, it was suggested that GP could be explained by referent informational influence.View full abstractDownload PDF (1242K) -
TSUKASA TAJIMA2001 Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages 145-155
Published: July 15, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate effects of interpersonal relationships in everyday life on ingroup bias and cooperative behavior in experimental group situation. Eighty-seven female subjects were asked to complete questionnaires about daily interpersonal relationships, which measured identification with others and consciousness of their own roles. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups, and were asked to evaluate group members' attributes and to divide 100 points between self and ingroup in social dilemma paradigm. The results indicated that: (a) ingroup bias about ability evaluation negatively correlated with identification with family; (b) cooperative distribution positively correlated with consciousness of their own family role.View full abstractDownload PDF (1694K)
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