In this study, we select as object of study 14 cities, towns and villages of Iwate prefecture's littoral area which is often attacked by Tsunami, gather information from three point of view: prevention of Tsunami disaster, database, a history of tsunami disaster, a history of measures against tsunami, a history of the restoration from tsunami, and structure a database of prevention of Tsunami disaster. At last we did an analysis, based on data manipulation as condition and combination on database, making clear the changes of the prevention of Tsunami disaster and searching the common problem from the prevention of Tsunami disaster point of view in the Iwate prefecture's littoral area.

View full abstract

Under the present highway design method, highway alignment is treated as the sequence of segments prescribed by the design speed. However this method is not useful for the advanced computer aided design. This paper presents the 3-dimensional highway geometric design method using curvature function and gradient function, where both functions are defined by the length of center alignment.

View full abstract

The work summarizes the classification of types and transition based on the stone shape and size.
We applied 4 types of numerical parameters regarding the data of masonry walls investigated for 140 castles across the country to 8 types of stones which we assumed. As the result, the 4 parameters showed the possibility to indicate 8 types of masonry walls quantitatively. Therefore, the use of 4 parameters allows the existing masonry walls to be numerized and indicated for the classification of masonry walls, thereby it allows the classification of types to be one of techniques to presume the year of the construction.

View full abstract

Catastrophe risks by natural disaster can be characterized by composition both of individual risks and collective risks. The major result of this paper is: Catastrophe risks can be optimally, but not fully, insured by Malinvaud=Arrow insurances, which are state-dependently composed of mutural insurances to mitigate individual loss across individual households and of contingent securities to hedge collective risks. The valuation methods are proposed to measure economic benefits of disater prevention investment, which is made in conjunction with the optimal allocation of disater risks by Malinvaud=Arrow insurances.

View full abstract

The value of time is an important factor in cost benefit analysis for transportation investment. This value has been practically determined by wage rate or mode choice analysis for the present. However, any approaches have not considered the change in value of time depending on the economic environment. The value of time is an endogenous variable in optimizing behavior so that it depends on the economic environment. This paper theoretically examines how the value of time changes. The consequence of the examination shows that the value of time changes corresponding to commodity prices, travel fee, travel time as well as the wage, the available time, and the labor time. Moreover, this paper discusses the sign of the changes in the value of time under some hypotheses.

View full abstract

This study proposes a forecasting system of sightseeing travel demand to evaluate road network improvement project. In a model system of describing behavior of one-day sightseeing travel by auto, sightseeing excursion behavior and area attraction are considered carefully. The system consists of the first destination and next excursion choice models using the method of disaggregate choice analysis. These models are connected with the staying time choice model to describe sequential sightseeing area choices with progress of time. This system are estimated using questionnaire survey data on sightseeing excursion behavior in Nara prefecture. The practical use of the system is verified through the Monte Carlo micro simulation.

View full abstract