The procedure of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has potential to cure the hematological malignancies, based on high-dose chemoradiotherapy and allogeneic immunological effect. However, the conditioning regimen causes oral mucositis (OM) during the early periods. Methotrexate is used for the prophylaxis of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which also deteriorates the severity of OM. The immunocompromised state induces the odontogenic infections, which sometimes resulted in systemic infections. After the engraftment of neutrophil, chronic GVHD frequently affects the oral cavity, and the symptoms of dryness and soreness usually prolong throughout the lifespan. We reviewed the mechanisms and the management of oral complications after HSCT, and hope to make the progress of the mutual medical associations.

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An 86-year-old woman presented with palatal ulceration. She noticed the lesion after undergoing preparation of a new set of complete dentures. Despite several adjustments of the upper denture, the ulcer enlarged. On presentation, multiple ulcerations and slight redness of the hard palate were evident. The ulcer surface was covered with necrotic white tissue with no induration. Bone destruction of the palate was not apparent on computed tomography. Biopsy specimens revealed diffuse infiltration of lymphocyte-like cells. Immunohistochemical examination identified these cells as CD3-negative, CD5-positive, CD30-positive, CD56-positive, and CD57-negative, while in situ hybridization indicated EBER1-positive status. Histopathologically, the lesion was diagnosed as EBV-associated T/NK cell lymphoproliferative disorder. The ulcer improved after initiating chemotherapy with steroid, but the patient died due to cardiac failure.

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Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disease of the mucous membranes and skin that commonly occurs in adults. We herein report a case of childhood PV. A 13-year-old female exhibited erosive stomatitis on the lips and tongue mucosa. A serological test with ELISA showed positive against desmoglein 3 only. The clinical phenotype was mucosal dominant, consistent with the ELISA results. The patient's symptoms responded well to topical steroid therapy. Existing reports indicate that childhood PV is very rare. In this report, the clinical characteristics of the present patient are also discussed.

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Pyogenic granuloma is a non-neoplastic inflammatory hyperplasia of the skin and mucosa that is relatively common in the oral cavity. The exact pathogenesis of this condition remains obscure and a differential diagnosis is often complicated by rapid growth. We describe a 36-year-old woman at 9 months pregnant (Case 1) with an exophytic pedunculated mass on the tongue and a 24-year-old woman at 30 weeks pregnant (Case 2) with an exophytic mass on the lower lip. Both lesions were surgically resected and histopathologically diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma.

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Oral candidiasis is opportunistic infection by Candida constituting oral microbiota, and is often associated with cancer chemotherapy, steroid therapy and/or long-term treatments with antibiotics. Main symptom of candidiasis is pain of oral mucosa, burning sensation and taste disorder, and white plaques on the mucosa and atrophic change of the mucosa are common clinical symptom. However, candidal chelitis is relatively rare.
We describe a 74-year old woman (Case 1), a 54-year old woman(Case 2), and a 71-year old woman (Case 3) with swelling and redness of the lips.
After treatment of antifungal drug, swelling, redness and pain was disappeared and now is good without a recurrence in progress.

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