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Article type: Cover
1991Volume 421 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1991Volume 421 Pages
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Article type: Index
1991Volume 421 Pages
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Article type: Index
1991Volume 421 Pages
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Article type: Index
1991Volume 421 Pages
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Hiroshi MORI, Masashi TANAKA, Yasuo TANIGAWA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
1-10
Published: March 30, 1991
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Most of earlier studies on rheological properties of fresh concrete have reported that the flow behavior of fresh concrete can be approximately expressed by Bingham model. However, it is well known that the Bingham model can be applied only to wet mixed mortar and concrete, and that a granular or powdery model is essential to express the behavior of dry mixed one, because the Bingham model with a constant yield value independent of internal stress state can not express the interlocking of aggregates or the internal friction. The authors have proposed a new rheological model which combines the yield condition of the granular model proposed by Mohr and Coulomb with the constitutive law of the Bingham model. However, there are few quantitative data on the yield value and the plastic viscosity in term of internal stress state. "In this study, therefore, to obtain the information on yield value and plastic viscosity of fresh concrete related to the stress state, two types of shear tests are carried out, and the rheological properties of fresh mortar and concrete under shear deformation are discussed.
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Kaname SUZUKI
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
11-19
Published: March 30, 1991
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In general, phenomena of fracture of hardened cement paste have been analyzed by dynamics. Recently the theory of energy has begun to be used for analysis of them. In this report, phenomena of fracture of a specimen are analyzed by dynamics and thermodynamics. The outline of results is as follows. (1) Dynamics consists of the laws of motion. From a thermodynamic point of view they belong to the first law of thermodynamics, so that only reversible process (quasi-static process) of fracture can be analyzed by dynamics. (2) Thermodynamics consists of the law of conservation of energy and the law of entropy, so it is possible to analyze both reversible and irreversible process. The result of thermodynamic analysis is more exact than that of dynamic analysis. (3) It has been demonstrated that the force in the steel of a specimen weakens the cohesive force, and the force in the elastic part of the mortar decreases to equilibrate with the cohesive force but it does not weaken the cohesive force.
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Toshio NISHIDE, Yoshikazu KITAGAWA, Takahito INOUE
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
21-27
Published: March 30, 1991
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In order to use the synthetic ground motions calculated from the fault model as input motion for earthquake resistant design of structures, it is necessary to estimate the source characteristics correctly. In this paper, the estimation method of the source time function by applying the autoregressive (AR) model to the tail part of the observed ground motions for the purpose of estimation the dynamic properties of the ground surface and the deep soil is proposed. Further, this procedure is applied to the 1983 NIHONKAI CHUBU (JAPAN SEA) EARTHQUAKE and the 1985 MICHOACAN EARTHQUAKE. The estimated source time function and the occurrence time lag of major events shows good correlation with other studies. As a conclusion, this analytical method using the AR model is availabel to estimate the source time function from the observed ground motions.
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Kazue WAKAMATSU
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
29-37
Published: March 30, 1991
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This paper presents a possible way to evaluate, by geomorphological survey, the subsurface geotechnical ground conditions which may affect occurrence of liquefaction in an earthquake. Several sites where liqueaction-induced damage had occurred in the 1987 Chibaken Toho-Oki earthquake were selected and their geomorphological settings were investigated. Then, a relationship between the geomorphological conditons and subsurface geotechnical ground conditions in these phenomena was examined, and how these conditions related to the occurrernce of liquefaction was considered. Lastly, other liquefaction examples which looked similar to the 1987 earthquake in their geomorphological conditions were studied, and the usefulness of the technique to these areas was proved.
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Kazuhiro NAGANUMA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
39-48
Published: March 30, 1991
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An analytical model for a cracked reinforced concrete (RC) element is proposed on the basis of in-plane shear tests of RC panels. The proposed model can deal with both compressive failure of concrete strut and sliding failure along crack surfaces. Through comparisons of the analytical results of RC panels subjected to in-plane shear with the test results, good agreement was obtained on the nonlinear behavior including the ultimate strength. Furthermore, based on comparisons with other analytical models on the strength reduction of cracked concrete and the shear transfer stiffness of crack surfaces, the advantage of the proposed model was confirmed.
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Atsuhide HASHIMOTO, Tomohisa YAMADA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
49-58
Published: March 30, 1991
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This paper clarify the elasto-plastic behavior of flange, reinforced by cover plates, taking account of web plate of H-shaped steel member, subjected to the concentrated normal force to its flange. In this study, we have done experiments using full-sized member and F. E. M. analysis taking advantage of test results. We proposed the simplified manner to estimate the local strength and stiffness of flange portion in normal direction combining the web's behavior. The calculated values according to our proposed manner showed a good agreement with the test results in good accuracy.
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Isao KOHZU, Kiyoshi KANETA, Akihito FUJII, Kenji FUJII, Takashi KIDA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
59-68
Published: March 30, 1991
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This paper deals with the strength and ductility of very shallow embedded type steel column-to-footing connection subjected to cyclic reversed bending moments as well as column and vertical brace axial forces. Experimental investigation was focussed to inspect the effect on the reinforcement of the additional concrete cover upon the base plate to improve seismic resistant capability of the connection. The result showed that the connection embedded to about 0. 6 times the steel column depth exhibits the fairly well ductility, and thus the additional concrete cover contributes to stiffen the exposed column-to-footing connection, together with the longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete column stub arranged with proper separations around the base plate. An analytical model has been proposed to estimate the ultimate strength and rigidity of the connection under the complex loading conditions which simulate seismic behavior of such connection in the large scale industrial steel structure.
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Kuniaki UDAGAWA, Hiroaki MIMURA, Suguru GOJYO
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
69-76
Published: March 30, 1991
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Earthquake response analysis of two-bay one-story steel frames with or without concrete slabs was performed by computer-actuator on-line testing. We primarily investigated the effect of the presence or absence of a concrete slab on the elastic-plastic behavior of frames. Examination was also made of the difference in behavior between two types of composite beams, one joined to an interior column and the other to an exterior column, and of the relationship between frame ductility and beam ductility. The natural period of the frames without concrete slabs, 0. 49 sec, was predetermined in the analysis. The maximum acceleration of the El Centre NS (1940) was amplified to 1.18 or 2. 25 times the yield acceleration of the frames without concrete slabs. To obtain quantitative restoring force characteristics of the frames analyzed by the on-line testing, monotonic and cyclic loading tests were conducted on frames whose shapes were identical to those of the frames used in the on-line test. The on-line test analysis revealed that the presence of the concrete slabs greatly affected the seismic behavior of the frames. In particular, the response beavior was governed by whether a compressive failure of the concrete slab occurred or not, depending on the magnitude of the maximum acceleration.
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Kimiya HAMADA, Hiroyuki KAWAMURA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
77-87
Published: March 30, 1991
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This paper is described that in order to put anchor bolts of the above title to practical use, the pull-out tests of anchor bolts with a head were carried out those were embedded, in concrete rectangular prisms with a straight bore and with a dented bore (we said usually "with shear-key") of various size of depth and diameter, and the effect on tensile strength, displacement and shape of concrete failure have been investigated. To summarize the results of experiment, in the case of not "with shear-key", we have clarified the relation between size of depth and diameter and adhesive strength of bore sides, and also have clarified that the tensile strength and the displacement had become unstable by state of bore sides. In the case of "with shear-key", we have obtained the each formura of estimation of the bearing capacity according to the types of failure '. slip out failure, corn failure and rupture of bolt, and we have shown the possibility of practical use of the above titled anchor bolts. And validity of shear key was verified most effective for stability of bearing capacity of anchor bolts.
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Nagayuki YOSHIDA, Daiji FUJII, Yutaka SETO, Yoshinobu FUJITANI
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
89-99
Published: March 30, 1991
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This paper presents the new analytical method for the three-dimensional dynamic interaction problem between a layered soil and embedded foundations with arbitrary shapes. A soil domain is devided into the two subdomains by an artificial cylindrical boundary. A general dispacement field of the outer domain is expanded in a Fourier series and analyzed by the indirect boundary integral equation method which has been developed by authors in a thin layered soil model. The inner domain is discretized by ordinary boundary element method. Combining equations for the total domain are obtained by applying the Fourier inverse technique to the stiffness equations of the outer domain. The method is illustrated by the analysis of a rigid rectangular foundation embedded in an elastic uniform soil. The impedance functions and the foundation input motions are discussed as well as the distribution of soil pressure and the local effects of the side wall.
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Nobuo FUKUWA, Hiroshi KATUKURA, Shoich NAKAI, Takeru IGUSA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
101-108
Published: March 30, 1991
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The wave propagation in the periodic structure is studied using the transfer matrix method. The large space structures such as a NASA's space station are made of truss structures which are ones of the periodic structures composed of pipes and joints. Since the space station will be used for the experiment and manufacturing utilizing micro G environment in space, it is necessary to control the vibration below μG under several external disturbances which have a wide band frequency range. In order to assure the vibration control, the basic study on the wave propagation in the periodic structure should be carried out. In this paper, a simple model of one-dimensional continuum body attached by lumped masses with same spacing is adopted. A study on the eigenvalues of the transfer matrix enables us to understand the wave propagation phenomena of the periodic structure which have pass band and stop band. The evaluation of the phase velocity, group velocity and equivalent damping makes us confirm the dynamic characteristics of the periodic structures. As a extreme case, the system composed of lumped mass and static spring is studied in order to grasp the wave propagation in the discrete system.
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Gengo MATSUI, Haruo TSUKAKOSHI
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
109-116
Published: March 30, 1991
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The purpose of this paper is to calculate shear stresses for the circular, elliptical and rectangular hollow slabs subjected to the shear force perpendicular to the axis of the holes, and to investigate stress concentration around the hole. Using that the hollow slabs are considered as continua of I-beams, in this paper the hollow slab is dealt as a cantilever of I-beam with a shear force applied at the end. Then stress function concerned with shear stresses satisfies two-dimensional Laplace equation. It is computed by B. E. M. As a result shear stresses are calculated. For application of the analogy between stress function and deflections of membrane, some experiments are practiced. Some interesting results about stress concentration for the hollow slabs are obtained.
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Takashi UEKI, Yoichi MUKAIYAMA, Masaaki SHOMURA, Shiro KATO
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
117-128
Published: March 30, 1991
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The present study examines the strength of a single layer latticed dome having semi-rigid joints by the following tests and analysis. Each member in the dome is composed of a tubular member, ball joints and connecters. First, the loading tests to screw-type ball joints were performed to obtain its mechanical behavior, initial rigidity and ultimate strength as a joint. Secondly, the loading tests to a single layer latticed dome, having the same joints as in the tests of joints, were conducted and compared with the elasto-plastic analysis of dome based on the rigidity and strength decided by the tests of joints. Since the measured values of experiment were fairly in agreement with the values of analysis, the present analysis of dome with elastic-plastic springs at both ends of members may be applied to estimate buckling behaviors of domes composed of semirigid joints for a practical use.
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Tetsuo YAMAKAWA, Masahide TOMII
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
129-137
Published: March 30, 1991
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This paper is a follow-up of the paper with same subtitle in the previous Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ, No. 413, 417, 1990). In the present paper, a practical method for the calculation of stiffness matrix, which is defined on the beam-to-column connections assumed to be rigid zone in elastic continued framed shear walls, is proposed. This proposed method results from a series of studies on practical nodal stiffness matrix of framed shear walls. It is shown to be simple and accurate through numerical results of analyzed examples of frame structures with continued shear walls. Together with the practical nodal stiffness matrices of one-bay one-story framed shear walls, which were proposed in the previous papers, the stiffness matrix presented in this paper will be useful in analyzing the elastic behaviour of the frame structures stiffened with shear walls.
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Takashi TOMIITA, Norimoto KASHINO
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
139-141
Published: March 30, 1991
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Tokusaburou ISHIMOTO, Masaru MIYASHITA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 421 Pages
142-145
Published: March 30, 1991
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Article type: Appendix
1991Volume 421 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1991Volume 421 Pages
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