-
Article type: Cover
1991Volume 423 Pages
Cover1-
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Cover
1991Volume 423 Pages
Cover2-
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
1991Volume 423 Pages
Toc1-
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
1991Volume 423 Pages
Toc2-
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
1991Volume 423 Pages
Toc3-
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Hiromichi ICHIKAWA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
1-10
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In this paper the author shows the details of several problems related to the average sky factor of unit block in an urban space. These problems are as follows. (1) The relation between the average sky factor and the site area, or the road ratio. (2) The comparative study of the max- imum of average sky factor at an unit block and the average sky factor at the same block of which the-building coverage ratio is 100%. (3) The regression equation for the average sky factor, or the building coverage ratio in which the occupied sky factor has a maximum.
View full abstract
-
Shuzo MURAKAMI, Shinsuke KATO, Hiroyuki NAKAGAWA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
11-21
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The accuracy and reliability of numerical simulation for three dimensional nonisothermal jets in rooms based on a turbulence model are clarified by comparing the results, of simulations with those from experiments. The. mathematical turbulence model used here is a revised K-ε turbulence model which takes into account the effects of the anisotropic characteristics of nonisothermal flowfields on the model equations, particularly on the transport equation of ε. Two types of flow and temperature fields are analyzed both by simulations and by experiments. The first type is a flowfield where a cooled horizontal jet is discharged into an open space from a square-shaped supply opening located at the center of a vertical wall which is sufficiently wide in both the horizontal and the vertical directions. The other is a flowfield where a cooled horizontal jet is discharged from the same opening into an enclosed space in which the wall opposite to the jet is heated. The numerical simulations based on the turbulence model reproduce both types of flow and temperature fields successfully.
View full abstract
-
Akashi MOCHIDA, Shuzo MURAKAMI, Yoshihiko HAYASHI
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
23-31
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Three-dimensional numerical simulations for air flow around a surface-mounted cube are carried out using the standard κ-ε model and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) with similar boundary con- ditions. The results of LES agree fairly well with the experimental results. The shortcomings of the κ-ε model are examined precisely using both the experimental data from the wind tunnel tests and the numerical data given by LES. The inaccuracies are concerned with the expression for evaluating the turbulence production under Eddy Viscosity Model and the unsuccessful reproduction of Karman's vortex street.
View full abstract
-
Hiromi KOMINE
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
33-39
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
NO_2 concentrations in 30 multi family houses were measured by badge-type samplers and ques- tionnaire on operations of space heaters, cooking ranges and ventilation systems, number of tabacco smoking, activities for natural ventilation .and so on, were carried out during summer and winter seasons, simultaneously. The findings are as follows ; (1) On the basis of t-value two sided test, summer and winter NO_2 concentrations in houses using gas cooking ranges'were significantly higher than those using electric cooking ranges. (2) NO_2 concentrations in almost houses during summer were very low because habitants might intend to get natural ventilations for thermal comfort in summer. (3) Smoking in rooms scarcely contaminated indoor air quality, because smokers might be careful for ventilation during smoking, according to the social disapproval of passive smoking.
View full abstract
-
Mitsuru SENDA, Mutsumi KINJO, Syonosuke OZEKI
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
41-48
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In this study, the relationship of architectural components to distance between buildings was studied in the context of visual environment "individual-distance". " Individual-distances" in residential areas tend to range between 3 m and 12 m. In areas with houses of uniform sizes, colours, shapes and structures, the distances seem small, ranging be- tween 3 m and 6m, while in areas with low uniformity, the distances increase to between 6 m and 12m. "Individual-distances" seem smaller between building with uniform design codes than between buildings with different design codes. "Individual-distances" can be reduced (by approx. 30 %) by planting trees between buildings.
View full abstract
-
Takashi OMI, Keiji KITAHARA, Toshiyuki AIHARA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
49-57
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Mansion is defined as condominium that contains more than five dweling units and is owned each owner. But mansion has never been defined from viewpoint of stock, and so many buildings deviating from original definition have come into existence. So we explicate real state of such buildings, and examine their roll for town planning and housing policy. Results are summarized as follows. 1. Buildings of devided ownership are mostly very small scale and locate in wider range in comparison with mansion. 2. Average scale of each devision is various and dwelling unit is as wide as 2 〜 3 units of mansion. 3. Devided form is complicated and unsuitable for distribution. 4. Owner mostly use building for himself, and ownership and residence unify.
View full abstract
-
Naruo KANO
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
59-68
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This paper has pointed out the deficiency of Network Method in planning construction process.On the four problems (1) Large amount of manpower to input data, (2) Difficulty to representconstruction process, (3) Network presentation hard to understand, (4) Long computer time tocalculate the schedule, the author proposed the methodologies to resolve them. Those methodologies were implemented into a scheduling system on a microcomputer, which proved that thosemethodologies would greatly contribute to the successful usage of Network Method in construction planning phase. Moreover, the author has cleared some issues on the system for future development.
View full abstract
-
Mitsugu KAWAKAMI
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
69-77
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In this paper, I prove a change of the organization and its reason for the urban carpenters parties and the rural carpenters parties in near Osaka. A cange of the organization begin in late 17 century for a way of control of the parties by a chief and a director Nakai families. The partners were re-organized in Go-nin-kumi (neighbouring team) through the subdivision of a organization. Next, I examine some problems of a trouble between the urban and the rural parties. Especially, on the regulation of the trespassing into the territory of the rural carpenters by the urban carpenters.
View full abstract
-
Masaya FUJITA
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
79-89
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The aim of this paper is to study the architectural characteristics of the building called "Zosha"in the aristocratic residences, and to indicate the close 'connection of the "Zosha" and the"Tainoya", especially after the Kamakura period. By this study, I tried to clarify the process the"Tainpya" came to a private space in the aristocratic residences from the 12 th century until the 13th century. The treatise is organized in the following manner : Introduction Chap.1 The universality of the "Zosha" in the aristocratic residences Chap.2 Architectural characteristics of the "Zosha" Chap.3 The connection between the "Zosha" and the "Tainoya" Conclusion
View full abstract
-
Terumi FUKADA, Kiyosi HIRAI
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
91-99
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In the early part of the Edo Period, the TATE-BANA pictorial records which illustrated the works of Ni-Dai Ikenobo Senko included examples from the Gominooin Sento Imperial Residence of the Kan'ei Period. This paper is a study of the ways in which this imperial residence building complex was used during this period. These pictorial records are compared with architectural drawings and with descriptive information contained in the diaries of the aristocracy during the period 1628(Kan'ei 5) to 1651 (Kei'an 4). The contents are as follows : 1. Introduction. 2. TATE-BANA as seen in the TATE-BANA-ZU at the Sento Imperial Residence. 3. The Period under Study. 4. Palace Spaces in the Gominooin Imperial Residence (Kan'ei Period) where TATE-BANA was used. 5. Summary.
View full abstract
-
Taeyang SHIN
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
101-110
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This Paper is the first part of the thesis on architectural polychromy revivalism in thenineteenth century. I focused my attention on one point in this paper, that is, the relationship between corporeal form and color decoration or the relationship between structure and surface decoration. J. I. Hittorff approached polychromy for the systematic arrangement of the corporeal form. G. Semper and J. Ruskin started on the study of polychromy from the functional analogy and the morphological analogy of color decoration, with the result that polychromy was divided from structure, but, 0. Jones unified polychromy to structural form by means of dematerialization.
View full abstract
-
Takaharu TEZUKA, Kazumasa OKADA, Hajime SUZUKI
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
111-119
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In the middle of the nineteenth century, the Ruskinian Gothic architecture was in fashion among the English mercantile society. The social rationale for this fashion are as follows. 1) The English people has been eager for the Venetian taste. 2) Eager for the Venetian taste was amplified, and the English bourgeoisie began to love mercantile Gothic of Venice in the Middle Ages. 3) The bourgeoisie loved the wealthey and luxurious style in the English mercantile prosperity. 4) They loved universal Gothic, namely Ruskinian Gothic.
View full abstract
-
Kenji MIYAMOTO
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
121-126
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In 16 th century in Japan, when the missionaries of the Society of Jesus build the church and the other related building, there was a rule that they should use the Japanese ways of construction and that the works had to done by Japanese carpenters.
View full abstract
-
Toshio ASANO
Article type: Article
1991Volume 423 Pages
127-135
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This paper analyzes the architectural forms and sources of the two museum works of L. I. Kahn, intending to make them, as it were, talk what the works want to talk. The series of the forms and sources analyzed here are as follows : Pantheon-Villa Rotonda/Villa Malcontenta-Villa Gar-che-Yale Art Gallery; Pantheon-School of Athen (Raphael)-Library Project (Boulee)-Kimbell Art Museum. The Yale is the transformed, that is, crushed down and piled up Pantheons, and the Kimbell is the prolonged, turned inside out and set in row, shining Pantheons.
View full abstract
-
Article type: Appendix
1991Volume 423 Pages
App1-
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Cover
1991Volume 423 Pages
Cover3-
Published: May 30, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
