Compared to condominiums in general management associations, condominiums in management corporations were older and larger, and were more actively managed. The percentage of elderly residents (r=0.48, 95%CI: 0.26 - 0.65, cov=0.84, p<.0001), the percentage of rental units (r=0.41, 95%CI: 0.19 - 0.59, cov=0.45, p<.001) and the percentage of vacant units (r=0.35, 95%CI: 0.13 - 0.54, cov= 0.16, p<.01) were all positively correlated with age. While there were no significant differences in property-specific conditions, significant differences were found in the percentage of rental units, percentage of vacant units, and number of facilities installed, suggesting a role of management for older condominiums.

The purpose of this study was to determine the actual use of sunrooms in cold climates in public housing in Hokkaido, Japan.

First, the insulation performance of sunrooms was ascertained from the average thermal transmittance of the walls, which were classified into three ranks, with different flooring materials and equipment. Second, a survey of residents revealed that sunrooms with poor insulation performance were used as if they were outdoors. Finally, although sunrooms cause problems such as condensation, residents do not consider sunrooms a burden to manage.

This study analyzes the enforcement trends in repair work for venues with capacities exceeding 800 seats, based on a 2021 questionnaire survey conducted among local governments. We identified the most frequently repaired areas and compared these findings with the JATET survey in 2002. Results indicate that stage facilities most often underwent repairs, categorized under building systems, general facilities, and stage facilities. In contrast, the JATET survey highlighted seat repairs as predominant, whereas our findings show that lobby repairs were more common under the “pro-six construction small systems” category.

The purpose of this study is to survey campus master plans and mid-term goals and plans of Japan national universities, analyze the relationship between communal spaces and human resource development policies, and obtain useful knowledge for the development of campus master plans that are compatible with university education and research policies. The results are as follows. It was found that communal space development shows characteristics in three perspectives: the relationship between the campus and the surrounding area, variations in academic fields, and expected combinations in human resource development.

In this study, a walking experiment was conducted in an urban park to analyze spatial cognition. Four types of spatial cognition are divided as follows.

The “body direction type” is a spatial cognition based on the direction of the path.

The “place type” is a spatial cognition based on a place or spatial element, but not on a walking route.

The “partial path type” is a spatial cognition based on a part of the walking path, place, or element.

The “outer perimeter path type” is a spatial cognition of the entire walking area based on the outer perimeter path.

This study focuses on Gunma Prefecture, which has the largest Concrete Block (CB) production volume in Japan, as an example to elucidate the generation of the CB manufacturing industry. To this end, this paper analyzes in detail the generation process of the CB manufacturing industry through a case study of Gunma Kenzai Corporation, the first CB manufacturer established in Gunma Prefecture in the postwar. As a result, it is clear that the development of Gunma Kenzai from the initial stage of CB manufacturing to the 1950s, when the company improved its production system, was strongly influenced by public housing.

This study focuses on cities that developed based on castle towns, analyzes the transformation of the spatial configuration and compares several cities. The street networks of the castle town period and the present day were evaluated using multiple indices and analyzed based on the rate of change in each value. As a result, we were able to categorize the cities into five types, and quantitatively clarified the impact of the relationship between the castle town and the railroad station and new framework streets introduced in the process of modernization on the spatial configuration.

This research formulates multi-objective optimization with two objectives: user utility and maintenance cost of facilities and public transportation. This formulation shows a trade-off between utility and cost, which leads to discussing the balance between the quantity of facilities for user utility and investment. This problem is solved with various parameters using NSGA-II, a heuristic approach to obtain the Pareto front. The results suggest that turning points at which the efficiency of investment changes exist and that they vary with parameters. This implies that the planner should make decisions based on the balance of the utility and the cost.

This study aimed to clarify the effect of controlling indoor advertisements and considered factors for community organizations to control indoor advertisements. In community organization’s areas in Pontocho, Ichinenzaka/Ninenzaka, and Arashiyama in Kyoto, it was clarified that some indoor advertisements can be displayed after prior discussion between community organizations and business operators. Most indoor advertisements were paper and stickers and did not exceed local standards, making them difficult to control. After prior consultation, if indoor advertisements that were not planned are displayed, the community organization should require the business operators to make improvements, even if indoor advertisement standards are not exceeded.

In this study, highly rated restaurants concentration areas were extracted by social media and categorized based on restaurant characteristic indicators. Then, machine learning models were used to characterize the environment by area typology and to evaluate the potential for non-concentrated areas of highly rated restaurants. As a result, it was found that the characteristics of restaurants in highly rated restaurants concentration areas differ for each surrounding environment. Furthermore, by using a model with high prediction accuracy, it showed the possibility of predicting the characteristics of restaurants to be located based on the characteristics of the surrounding environment.

In this study, a new methodology is proposed for classifying associated populations by assessing their emotional and regional ties, utilizing a two-factor attachment style framework. This classification divides the population into four distinct types: Sustained, Dependent, Independent, and Detached, each exhibiting unique characteristics in relation to the region. The findings illustrate how these categories can predict the nature of relationships and emotional commitments to regions. This study also highlights the mutability of regional perspectives influenced by emotional attachments. Drawing from these observations, it recommends specific administrative strategies aimed at enhancing and nurturing positive relationships between populations and regions.

In this study, issues related to parking lot development in Tokyo’s special urban renaissance districts were analyzed. Specifically, general parking lots, unpacking lots, and bus parking lots and clarified the following three points were examined. First, entrances and exits have been properly maintained, and each special ward has established a rich pedestrian space. Second, a regional rule system is important for the development of parking lots in accordance with local characteristics. Third, private–government cooperation is essential for better functionality of the regional rule system.

In recent years, various open 3D data for cities has been released by several organizations, prompting investigation of their usecases. This research aims to analyse the influence of exploration in virtual cities on cognising urban structure through the following aspects: firstly, the characteristics and factors of movement to discover urban assets; secondly, the characteristics of urban assets; and finally, cognising of urban structure depicted in cognitive maps. All data is analysed by comparing the results of exploration in real and virtual cities. Ultimately, the results propose the possibility of utilising virtual reality for urban exploration by leveraging new open data.

The purpose of this study is to clarify regional characteristics of implementation systems and burden works related to vacant houses in provincial municipalities. As a result of analysis, we find the following three points.

1. Municipalities with large populations tend to have many administrative staffs involved in works related to vacant houses and regard consultations about vacant houses that are not properly managed as burden.

2. Municipalities with small populations tend to regard consultations on utilization and removal of vacant houses as burden.

3. Municipalities where the population is declining markedly tend to regard consultations about donations as burden.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the decision-making of the client and the production side in resort hotel projects by an overseas client, to identify the gap between the two sides and to examine measures to prevent problems occurring in the project. The potential gap between the production side and the client exists from the beginning, and gradually increased. The both need to be aware of the existence of the gap. The local teams are expected to be aware of construction-related legislation, procurement and construction timelines, and to actively discuss and make decisions with the head office.

The residents of Otaki Village on Mt. Ontake won tenders for the construction, repair, and management of chagoya (mountain huts) owned by the village from the late Edo to the mid-Showa period that had been developed by villagers, including loggers, carpenters, masons, chagoya keepers and porters. After World War II, bus routes to the mountainside were opened. Winning bids for management of chagoya rapidly soared, and most villagers could no longer participate in the tenders. Moreover, the villagers’ life style changed, making seasonal work more difficult. These changes caused a lack of expansion and destruction of chagoya.

The purpose of this study was to show the nature of Nuttari Okura-syo owned by Shibata Domain in the Hokuriku Region, and to clarify the characteristics. The early Edo Period, Nuttari Okura-syo has moved to dunes of suburb which is not eroded by a large river. But, the natural environments affected the Okura-syo. The Nuttari Okura-syo had characteristics that the nature is different from the “Nihonkai Type” of the Tohoku Region. It was concluded that the cause were the location which could not make sure in Tohoku Region, and the management to utilize the vitality of the private sector.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual situation of damage to buildings which were built in Meiji and Taisho eras and the damage situation of them after this earthquake.

First, this study examines how to use historical materials and aims at many buildings posted in “Photographs of Architecture in Meiji and Taisho Periods” to verify various damaged point to buildings in this earthquake. Second, I focused on damage situation of buildings after the earthquake based on first survey.

Finally, I compared damaged situation of each building and progress column of historical materials.

This research is an analysis of the role of courtyard of Japanese courtyard houses of “SHIN-KENCHIKU” from 1950 to 1979. The purpose of this study is to make clear that role of transition and awareness of the courtyard after World WarⅡ in Japan. This paper begins by discussing the ratio of the function related to the external shape, arrangement, connecting room, planning, constituent material of the courtyard and these reference forms for discourse of planning and examining the correlation between each period in accordance with the trends in function and role of courtyard, the target residents and designer’s awareness.

In the city of Hanoi, there remains an apartment complex called ‘KTT Kim Liên’ that was built with North Korean construction aid in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Through this construction, North Korea introduced prefabricated construction methods to Vietnam. This study traces the construction history of this apartment complex and contextualizes it within the bilateral relations between North Korea and Vietnam. Additionally, it aims to elucidate the significance of prefabricated construction methods in North Korean society.

The present study explores how indigenous culture impacted the urban structure of cities in Asia Minor during the Greek and the Roman periods. Previous researches indicated that urban planning in Roman Aizanoi was influenced by an indigenous belief, but the interaction among this belief, Greek and Roman culture, and the way this belief influenced urban planning haven’t been discussed. Through analyzing Aizanoi’s urban structure, this paper reveals that while city followed Greek and Roman city formation principles, a mythical obvious relationship between an indigenous divinity and a Greek divinity allowed an indigenous belief to influence urban planning in Aizanoi.

This study clarifies the importance of Erwin Piscator as the client for the “Total Theater” project (1927) by Walter Gropius and explains the following based on publications containing primary sources from Piscator and Gropius: First, the ideal vision of theater that Piscator sought is illuminated. Next, changes in form during the design process of “Total Theater” project and the relationship with Gropius’s architectural office personnel are discussed. Finally, Piscator’s influence is discussed in two respects: changes in the stage set and in the person in charge during the design of the “Total Theater.”

In this study, samples taken from a traditional house in the Orobua settlement were analyzed through radiocarbon dating to determine its construction date. The results show that two samples were dated at 300 years, six at 200 years, 11 at 100 years, and six at less than 100 years. These components of various ages are distributed throughout the house, indicating that the house has been continuously occupied as damaged components were being replaced. These dates are consistent with the interview of Ir. Timotius, the village chief, that the banua sura’ layuk in the Orobua settlement was built 250 years ago.

This study aims to clarify the chronological trends in the occurrence of eaves in Japanese public buildings after World War II. First, it defines eaves as the roof’s edge that overhangs the exterior wall. Reviewing the Shinkenchiku magazine, second, it visual-izes the chronological occurrence of eaves in Japanese architecture over the past 70 years. Third, it deciphers four periods in the occurrence of eaves. Finally, the study clarifies the chronological trends in the occurrence of eaves in Japanese public buildings by referring to considerations about tectonics, public space and the surrounding environment.

The architectural theory of Arata Endo (1889-1951) is thought to have been deeply influenced by “Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh (1833-34, abbreviated as SR) ” written by Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881), a well-known 19th century Scottish thinker, historian and critic. This research focuses on the Godlike concept that the Philosophy of Clothes in SR believes exists in everyone's heart, and aims to clarify the conditions of architects as practitioners of social reform through the moral development that polishes it, and of their architectural works.

This paper seeks to explore the potential connection between conventional architectural conservation methods and modern modification practices to enhance the heritage value of contemporary architecture. The author focuses on two key terms in heritage conservation terminology, “fukugen” (meaning to rebuild/restore to the original state) and “seibi” (meaning to arrange/improve harmoniously), and examines their meanings in the context of legal modification rules on designated heritage buildings. This examination elucidates the diachronic perspective of specific words for safeguarding or enriching heritage value and suggests a re-establishment of the approach in a comprehensive manner to align with the original meanings of both terms.

To mitigate the problem of getting lost in complicated subway stations, this study conducted a virtual reality (VR) experiment to analyze the factors affecting sign readability, using a virtual space simulating the inside of the Sakae Station, Nagoya, Japan. The effect of spatial angles between the pedestrians and signs on the Sign-Reading Distance in a three-dimensional space was analyzed. Three metrics were calculated to analyze the possible reasons why pedestrians miss signs: the Sign-Read Rate (gross), Sign-Coverage Rate, and Sign-Read Rate (net). The validity of the VR experiment was suggested by comparing the results to those of an actual-space experiment.