[in Japanese]

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In recent years, the importance of infection control in healthcare settings is becoming increasingly important, because the increase of resistant bacteria and new treatments with reduced immunity. In particular, the revised Medical Law, which came into effect in April 2007, requires that all medical institutions, including clinics, establish a system for preventing infection, and that ICT activities are required regardless of the presence of specialized staff. ICT covers a wide range of tasks, including quickly detecting patients with infectious diseases to understand infection prevention and treatment status, surveying and providing guidance on the use of antibiotics, and educating staff about infection prevention. Support of a computer system is indispensable for performing such tasks appropriately. Since infection-related events occur in all departments of medical care at any time, the role of computer systems is also expected as a tool that presents useful information in real time to all staff at the site, not just ICT members. However, use is currently limited to large medical institutions. Considering the situation described above, I thought about computer systems including artificial intelligence (AI) in infection control that are expected in the future. The introduction of AI for medical support of infectious diseases is expected to improve work efficiency and save labor as follows. That is, bed management of infectious patients in the ward, administration control of antibiotics, compilation of weekly infection report data, e-learning, etc.

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[in Japanese]

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Purpose of the report is to introduce a risk and crisis management applying to a high density airport in Japan. However, there is no rational concept in the airports in Japan. Therefore, for the future, the person concerned should find out a rational concept based on a concentration.

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[in Japanese]

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Dangerous substances of Japanese Fire Service Law include substances that have a severe explosion hazard and may cause an explosion accident at a chemical factory. Recently, it has been used for bomb terrorism. Therefore, the danger of a substance having a high explosion risk was examined with calculation. In the past, explosives such as potassium perchlorate and ammonium nitrate were often used for bomb terrorism. Recently, organic peroxides such as acetone peroxide have been used as raw materials for homemade bombs. The magnitude of an explosion is mainly governed by the explosive power and amount of the substance, but some explosives have an explosive danger comparable to explosives. Organic peroxides such as TATP (Acetone peroxide, trimer), MEKPO (Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) are lower danger than that of TNT (Tri-nitro toluene), but still very high danger, and used as dilute solution in chemical. Hydroxylamine is much danger than most industrial explosives, such as TNT, ammonium nitrate.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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Japan has experienced numerous natural disasters, and “disaster nursing” has been established in the field of nursing education. However, it has not yet been established in veterinary nursing education implemented to train veterinary nurses. With the aim of examining the necessity of “disaster veterinary nursing” from multiple perspectives, a questionnaire survey was conducted involving people who raise pet animals across Japan (breeders), participants in disaster prevention events who have no pet animals (non-breeders), and participants in disaster veterinary nursing programs for veterinary nurses. Breeders’ awareness of disasters was low and appropriate preventive measures were not implemented. The results also suggest that it is an urgent task to raise public awareness of evacuation with pet animals / evacuation accompanied by pet animals to maintain the psychological health of evacuees in the event of disasters. Although non-breeders had positive views of infection / allergy in pet animals, few expressed an understanding of evacuation with pet animals / evacuation accompanied by pet animals because of a sense of anxiety. Therefore, breeders need to be educated to acquire accurate knowledge including appropriate breeding methods, and veterinary nurses are expected to fulfill the role of increasing public awareness of disaster measures, suggested by the results of the present survey. It is important to implement education on disaster veterinary nursing for both educational institutions and members of society.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the disaster prevention efforts among Type 1 animal handling businesses that deal with animals for profit in metropolitan Tokyo. Materials and Methods: A survey was administered to 4,613 businesses registered as Type 1 animal handling businesses in Tokyo. The number of copies collected was 4,013, and the number of valid responses was 3, 889 (96.9%). Binomial logistic regression analysis was carried out in order to extract factors that affect disaster prevention efforts. The correlation between disaster prevention awareness was examined by Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results: For overall disaster prevention, 27.8% of survey respondents conducted such activities in their workplaces, 10.6% recognized business continuity plans (BCPs), and 6.9% had formulated such plans. In the results of binomial logistic regression analysis, "gender," "facilities," "number of animals," and "types of managed animals" had significant effects (p <0.01) on disaster prevention. "Gender," and "age of person," had significant effects on recognizing BCPs, and "age of person," significantly affected BCP formulation. There was no correlation between the high awareness of disaster prevention in self-assessment and the willingness to release managed animals under the disaster. Discussion: The rate of disaster prevention in the animal handling business in Tokyo was low, and the manager's knowledge and awareness about disaster prevention were also low. In the future, it will be necessary to elucidate the factors that prevent disaster prevention.

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