Monitoring a peak shift in the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of nitrogen vacancy (NV) with the embedded nano-diamonds (NDs) indicates the stress change on the Si micro-cantilever resonator. There is a clear peak splitting under static magnet field, and showing the peak shift by applied periodic compressive and tensile stresses. The NDs have been simply embedded on the Si micro-cantilever by SiO₂ deposition. Applying the mechanical vibration of the cantilever, the light intensity of photoluminescence of NV color centers (NVC) in the individual ND have been monitored under a magnet field. Indicating a specific orientation, one peak is sensitive to the vibration stress showing the frequency shifts under the influence of static magnetic field (3.4 mT) at 2.86 GHz. It is realized that NV color centers need to be at one orientation to clearly observe the stress effect on ESR spectrum, which can be done by detection in the crystal of NDs. This technique indicates the next possibility for measuring a vector stress optomechanically using such embedded NDs by SiO₂ film.

In this work, MEMS tactile sensors were installed on handgrip of the tool and gripping state of the tool by hand was measured as output from these sensors. Changes in gripping state by hand can be successfully detected from sensor output signals. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that embedding tactile sensor in the handgrip allows detection of gripping state in detail. It is suggested that the change in sensor output with applying an external load includes information about both moment load and the gripping force by comparison between measurement result and mechanical analysis by the finite element method.

In this report, the research is summarized for magnetic sensing using the triple-layered magnetic film and application to a magnetic sensor. In addition, the outline of research is described concerning DNA information sensing system based on fluorescence polarization analysis and its relation to MEMS technology. In the magnetic sensing, the triple-layered magnetic film (Ni80Fe20/SiO2/Ni80Fe20, thickness; 150/10/150 nm each) is used as magnetic sensing material. It is considered that magnetic sensing is feasible by using the triple-layered magnetic film, and its sensitivity is higher than that using the single-layer magnetic film. It is suggested that theoretically, the triple-layered magnetic film will respond to high frequency magnetic field and, as a result, the more accurate shape of a magnetic pulse which contains the high frequency like a neural pulse in bio-magnetism will be measured than usual. In DNA sensing, the sequences have been measured for the sample in a capillary of nano-liter volume with the fluorescent label exited by the semiconductor laser. In this research, both sensing systems are based on the principle of light polarization analysis with semiconductor lasers and beam splitters etc., so that the miniaturization of the systems will be also feasible for the ubiquitous multi-sensing.

A temperature-sensitive electrostatic resonator is realized which hardens the torsional spring being coupled with the static thermal bending. The principle for increasing the natural frequency mainly relates with the structure. The realized changing ratio reached to +3790 ppm/K against the frequency at room temperature. This is more than 10-times larger in magnitude and opposite in direction compared to the temperature dependence of the material used indicating the high sensitivity for the infrared sensor.

Microalbuminuria is an important clinical biomarker of diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetic KD. However, microalbuminuria detection in urine by immunoturbidimetric method, for early detection and follow-up, is a complicated and expensive procedure compared to the qualitative and semi-quantitative methods, such as the most commonly used dipstick urinalysis. Here, we developed an enzyme- and antibody-free approach using the redox reaction of water-soluble tetrazolium salts (WSTs), which were reduced by albumin and protein and finally produced the colored formazan. Colorimetry was used to spectrometrically detect blue formazan, a reduced WST, and the absorbance was measured at about 600 nm using a microplate reader. The calibration curve for the standard solutions showed that the assay is linear between 0 and 150 mg/L albumin. A simple, rapid, and low-cost fabrication method is proposed here for assembling an electrochemical detection system for formazan using disposable pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs), which are the mechanical pencil leads as working, reference, and counter electrodes. The distinctive voltammetric oxidation peak appeared at +1250 mV vs. PGE by linear sweep voltammetry using a potentiostat. The amperometric oxidation peak current of formazan was applied at +1250 mV vs. PGE by chronoamperometry which required only a few seconds. A correlation was obtained between the oxidation peak maximum current of formazan and concentrations of albumin.