Japanese Journal of Sheep Science
Online ISSN : 2186-1013
Print ISSN : 0389-1305
ISSN-L : 0389-1305
Differences in behavioral responses to daily caretakers observed between male and female sheep and their age effects
Yuji TAKEMURAYoshie KAWAMOTO
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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2009 Volume 2009 Issue 46 Pages 20-27

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Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the difference between male and female sheep in their behavioral response to daily caretakers and how the age of animals influences the response. Ten Corriedale males (2 to 13 years old) in 3 groups and 10 Corriedale females (0 to 13 years old) in 2 groups kept all year round in 5 outdoor paddocks of ca. 10×10 square meters, respectively, were used. Experiments were performed by 2 daily caretakers (male and female adults). Three kinds of measurements were made : 1) approach distance to a person standing outside or inside the paddock before, at, and after feeding ; 2) flight distance to a person approaching the animals in the paddock at a speed of 0.5m/sec before, at, and after feeding ; 3) capture time by one or 2 persons in an 8×8 square meters fenced area. Since no approaching behaviors occurred in animals at feeding, animals' interest for caretakers seemed to be lowered at feeding. Before feeding, approach distances (medians of 10 animals) to a person standing outside the paddock were 0.4m in males and 1.3m in females, respectively. When the person entered the paddock, female sheep retreated to some extent from the person. The approach distances measured inside the paddock were 0.0m in males and 3.8m in females, respectively. After feeding, approach distances measured outside and inside the paddock were inclined to be shorter in males (4.0m and 3.3m) than in females (6.0m and 6.0m). In both males and females, approach distances before feeding were significantly (P<0.05) shorter than those observed after feeding. The short approach distances before feeding may reflect the animals' expectation of feeding by the caretakers. From the longer approach distance of females, it is presumed that they have stronger wariness of people than males. Retreat of females observed when caretakers entered the paddock also suggests the stronger wariness of people in females. A fence separating animals from people may have a lowering effect on animals' wariness of people. Flight distances observed before, at, and after feeding were 0.0m, 0.0m, and 0.0m in males, and 1.3m, 0.0m, and 0.5m in females, respectively. In females, values before and after feeding were significantly (P<0.05) larger than that at feeding. Before feeding, females showed a significantly (P<0.05) longer flight distance than males. Males seem to have almost no wariness of caretakers in contrast to females, which seem to be not so wary of caretakers only at feeding. Since the capture time of females (52.8sec) was significantly (P<0.01) longer than that of males (6.4sec), it was supported further that females are warier of people than males. Since all the maximum values in approach distance, flight distance, and capture time were observed in the animals of 3 to 4 years old, it was presumed that sheep's wariness of people becomes highest at around 3 to 4 years old.
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© 2009 Japanese Society of Sheep Science
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