The study attempts to define the dwelling style in rural Japan before some changes occurred in the modernization process, by comparing it with that of today. It also clarifies the behavioral pattern underlying the dwelling style of modern Japanese. Materials for study depend on the photographic data of its collection published. It is each behavior, body movement, spaces and furnishings were used daily for living activities, that have extracted from the photographic data. The behavioral patterns of rural people in their dwellings in 1950's were varied but typical of the time, closely related with the structure of living spaces. Their dwelling style before the modernization process set in was complete and well-established.