This study clarified the actual situation of initiatives and issues toward the realization of a hydrogen society based on a questionnaire survey of municipal urban planning departments. As a result, the number of municipal urban planning departments with specific initiatives was limited to 11. On the other hand, it became clear that many municipalities are looking for personnel who can coordinate the establishment of a system of collaboration among private companies, municipalities, and expert researchers. Based on these results, this study proposed that the Japanese government establish a mechanism to introduce specialists who can provide support to municipal staffs.