The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of using bicycles, especially electric assisted bicycles, for evacuation from the Nankai Trough earthquake and its accompanying tsunami, which is an urgent issue in Japan. Multi-agent simulation (MAS) was used as the verification method, and the target city was the Aburatsu district of Nichinan City, Miyazaki Prefecture (daytime population of about 8000). As a result of the simulation, evacuation with a electric assisted bicycle not only raises the possibility of evacuees themselves being saved, but also reduces the share of evacuation by cars, so it reduces the probability of traffic congestion and the severity of congestion. We also obtained the result that the evacuation completion rate of evacuees by cars is also increased. Also evacuation in ordinary bicycles (“MamaChari” etc.), which is not an electric assisted bicycle, also has a high rate of evacuation completion. Therefore, this study suggests that not only walking and automobiles but also bicycles should be considered when the national and local governments envision means to evacuate from future tsunamis.

 The objective of this study is to consider disaster response after late night torrential rainfall and disaster preparedness by community leaders based on interview survey. The districts where the survey was implemented were able to avoid personal damage despite the river inundation and landslides, thanks to the leaders’ immediate evacuation response.

 As a result, it clarified that the leaders were immediately aware of the disaster from surrounding situation after they woke up, and performed quickly and organized evacuation, even though they could not predict in advance. The background for the quick response by the leaders was to understand of the limitation of the local government support and to defend their district on their own.

 Design Engineers have a sense of safety that compliance with technical standards is sufficient for compensation for damages. However, it is possible to raise the target safety level additionally at the designer's discretion, and there are some attempts to find the target safety level from the viewpoint of compensation for damages. Under these circumstances, it is essential for design engineers to grasp the judgement framework of the damages. In this paper, we focus on some precedents of earthquake damage to the structures, examine theory and precedents which are related to the laws applicable to damages, reveal the judgement framework for damages that design engineers should understand, including the relation to the technical standards. Then we will infer what the reliability design method affect a court judgement, using the fragility curve.

 The purpose of this report was to examine matters that should be noted in future storm and flood damage activities by the volunteer fire corps. Specifically, we understood cases of storm and flood damage from 1969 to 2018, when the volunteer firefighters died, from white paper on fire service, newspaper articles, and previous studies, and analyzed the situation at the time of death.

 As a result, three points to be noted in future storm and flood damage activities by the volunteer fire corps were shown. (1) In the case of storm and flood damage, it is necessary to pay attention to a series of activities from going to work to returning home. (2) If the rain is heavy at night, it is necessary to not work or to secure the safety. (3) Even if the rain is weak in the daytime, it is necessary to pay attention to the surrounding conditions.