Raman spectroscopy expands its applications in life science, medicine, pharmacology, agricultural science, and food science, recently. Raman spectroscopy is a strong tool for nondestructive and label free analysis as well as for studies on molecular properties, structures and reactions. The present review introduces the basis and principles of Raman spectroscopy and properties of lipid spectra, and then overviews applications for lipid analyses in food, health and medical sciences.