The purpose of this paper is to review and introduce ongoing efforts for the implementation of SDGs in Japan, focusing on national policy and measures related to environmental protection and sound waste management. Insight into SDGs highlights current policy and measures on environment and sound waste management. One of the features of SDGs is its aim to integrate environmental, economic and social aspects of each goal/target. This point is the basis for incorporating SDGs in the revision of The Basic Environment Plan and Fundamental Plan for Establishing a Sound Material-Cycle Society by the Japanese government. Target 12.5 directly refers to the crucial importance of substantiating The 3Rs by the year 2030. The whole content of the Fundamental Plan will be closely related to SDGs, and The 3Rs is now a key pillar of the Plan. In addition, related measures on the reduction of food loss/food waste as an example of implementing SDGs 12.3 and the enhancement measures for energy recovery in the treatment of waste are introduced as an example of the nexus point between climate change and sound waste management relating to goals 11, 12 and 13.