Laser spectroscopy has wide potential to realize online, on-site, rapid, in-situ, remote, and direct analyses in various industrial fields. The demand for such advanced analytical technologies has been fueled year by year due to growing interest in environmental protection and quality control in manufacturing lines. The great progress of such optical equipment as lasers, spectrographs, and photo-detectors as well as their price-reduction is also promoting the research and the development of laser diagnostics. Compared with other laser spectroscopic technologies, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is simple, inexpensive, and flexible. LIBS is a promising application to monitor various major and trace elements in vapor and/or aerosol particles, although its accuracy and sensitivity are slightly lower than its applications to solid samples. This report reviews recent works on LIBS for combustion diagnostics and the analyses of related substances.