While the economic development of the Northern Territories under the Putin administration has occasionally been reported in Japanese media, it has rarely been examined as an object of academic inquiry. However, clarifying when President Putin initiated development in the Northern Territories and how it has been implemented is a key element in understanding his approach to the territorial issue. This paper focuses on the economic development carried out under the Putin administration, aiming to clarify the timing of key policy decisions and the content of development measures that have continued to the present. In doing so, it aims to contribute to a more comprehensive assessment of Japan’s diplomacy toward Russia since 2000.