Changes in the characteristics and transport of surface sediment in Osaka Bay after the Kansai Airport reclamation (1987) and Akashi Bridge construction (1998) were investigated by analyzing surface sediment samples collected in 1982 (27 sites) and 2003 (28 sites). The median diameter of the sediments became coarser in size, while the distribution of sediments shifted to the finer fraction, and the sorting coefficient became bad in the central part of the bay in the period between 1982 and 2003. The northward transport of the sediments was dominant in the central part of the bay between these years. These results suggest that the current speed in the central part of the bay became stronger from 1982 to 2003 due to large scale developments such as Kansai Airport reclamation and Akashi Bridge construction, and the transport of coarser surface sediments from the central part to the Akashi Strait became a dominant process.