About the regional science and technology policy which is one of the most important policy in Japan, many policy measures are taken by the 5th phase of the science & technology basic plan and the comprehensive strategy on science, technology and innovation decided by every fiscal year.

In this article, we reviewed the transition from regional S & T policy to regional science, technology and innovation policy consist of 4 phases from the period before S & T basic law up to the 5th phase of the S & T basic plan.

As a result, the development of policies such as the science park construction, the promotion of regional S & T, expansion and development growth of the regional science, technology and innovation system, and the new output strategy aiming at global business after temporary stagnation by regime change became clear.