In this paper, first, the meaning of “theory” is considered and then the three kinds of sociological theory, namely, the fundamental theory, the middle-range theory, and the idealistic theory, are presented. Second, the problems of interaction and intersubjectivity-including the problems of corporeality and/or intercorporeality-are brought into discussion from a standpoint of (phenomenological sociological) “genetic interactionism”: then the four basic social aspects of our contemporary society, i. e., the scientific-technological society, knowledge-information society, capitalistic-consumer society, and modern nation-state, are mentioned. Third, I primarily wish to present the theoretical route to the problem of nation-state, with a special focuson the concept of “champ (=field)” raised by P. Bourdieu. Finally, within the context of sociological theory as the social theory in the age of globalization, I propose my own conception that the main issues in contemporary Japanese sociological associations are located in the spheres of both corporeality/intercorporeality and post-national orientation.