It is supposed that the internal structure of the maxilla of children undergoes remarkable changes with the growing of the bone and the exchanging of teeth. The aim of this study was to analyze morphometrically the structural changes of the trabecular and cortical bones at the central and lateral incisor regions of the maxilla during development. Forty-two maxillary bones taken from Indian children were used. They were divided into six groups according to the stage of tooth eruption, namely, one at the stage of deciduous dentition and five at the stages of mixed dentition. Each sample was embedded in polyester resin and then cut labio-lingually into serial sections with thickness of 500 μm. Two sections with the center region of the central and lateral-incisor were chosen from the serial sections for taking soft X-rays. These images were inputted into a direct image analyzer using a TV camera for analysis of the trabecular bone density and width, specific length, the direction ratio and cortical bone width. Trabecular bone density, width and specific length in each region decreased before the eruption of posterior permanent teeth and increases after the eruption. The orientation of trabecular bone was consistent with the one of root axis of central incisor. It was suggested that the orientation of trabecular bones was changing against the different directions of the occlusal force in the period from the missing of deciduous teeth to the eruption of permanent teeth.