Recently, prevalence of food allergy has been drastically increased. Although precise mechanisms for the increase is still to be clarified, the recent hypothesis that epicutaneous sensitization cause food allergy may give a clue to solve the problem. Several birth cohort studies have demonstrated strong association between infantile eczema/atopic dermatitis and food allergy. Recent outbreak of wheat allergy in women who regularly used a cosmetic soap containing hydrolyzed wheat protein is also support the hypothesis. Then, based on the pathogenic understanding, trials of early skin care for neonates and young infants aiming for prevention of atopic dermatitis and food allergy have been attempted and resulted in some hopeful outcomes. Further study will be needed in this frontier field of allergy.