The clinical and microbial effects of Periocline^® administration in periodontal pockets, in combination with scaling, were examined in patients using the following five groups. Five different sites, one in each quadrant, were randomly selected in each of 10 periodontal patients participating in this study. Each patient received the following treatment : scaling alone at one site (group A), Periocline^® was administered four times at one-week intervals in combination with scaling at another site (group B), Periocline^® was administrated four times at one-week intervals without scaling at the third site (group C), root planing alone at the fourth site (group D), and Periocline^® was administrated four times at one-week intervals without scaling (group E) .
The results obtained were as follows :
1. Clinical findings, with exception of plaque index, showed improvement in groups B, C and D as compared with groups A and E throughout the observation periods.
2. By phase contrast microscopy, both total bacterial count and spirochetal and motile rod incidence decreased in groups B, C and D as compared with groups A and E throughout the observation periods.