In order to clarify the definition, diagnosis and treatment of scelerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) in patients with CAPD, a consensus meeting on SEP was held in Tokyo, on October 13 and 14, 1995. We defined SEP as a clinical entity which develops clinical symptoms due to bowel obstruction in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. Its clinical features are nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain in all patients. In addition, we see malnutrition, weight loss, diarrhea, constipation, slight fever, bloody dialysate, localized or diffuse ascites and decreased bowel movement in some patients with SEP. An abdominal mass consisting of adhesive small bowel is palpable in such patients. Histologically, we observe peritoneal thickening and/or sclerosing peritonitis in peritoneal tissue specimens from patients with SEP. The use of radiological and ultrasonic evaluation is very helpful for diagnosis in patients with SEP. The basic strategy for the treatment of SEP is to sustain the rest of the bowel. Intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) therapy is effective in the treatment of patients with SEP. It was concluded that constant clinical, radiological and/or ultrasonic surveillance is necessary to detect SEP in patients during CAPD.