The Japanese eel, Anguilla Japonica, is an essential fish for Japanese. However, the population of Japanese eels has been drastically decreasing. Fish stray into water intakes of dams and weirs and are consumed. There are methods to control fish behavior to prevent straying by using their senses such as sight. Fish have the ability to recognize colors. However, there is no information on the effects of hue, value and chroma of color, on the swimming characteristics of Japanese eels. In this study, the hue, value and chroma of the side and bottom walls colors of a circular pool were changed, to investigate the effects of the three color attributes on the swimming characteristics of Japanese eels. It was found that value was more dominant than hue and chroma in influencing swimming characteristics of Japanese eels. Further, it was also found that when the color of value was changed from black to white, the rate of returning back to low value area and the spent time in the low value area increased, whereas the entering rate into high value area decreased.