This paper will focus on Conservation Planning dedicated by Benton MacKaye as an important role during the transitional development from Conservation (early 1900s) to Environmentalism (1960s). Advocating the Progressive Conservation, he established the ecological oriented-Conservation Planning on a national base, integrated with Regional Planning. Apparently, he devoted himself to Environmentalism, significantly influenced to the federal government and Environmental NPO. Indeed, throughout this paper, the most observing values will be made to analyze his conservation system dealing with the reorganization of the federal administration as well as the local-regional government, based on a social and regional angle.