Cortical thinning in schizophrenia is thought to reflect the key pathophysiology such as reduced neuropil density 7). Although the effects of aging on the cortical morphometry of the disease have been researched for many years, decisive conclusion has yet to been reached 1, 3, 8, 12, 16, 17, 18). This section reviews aging influence on cortical thickness in schizophrenia, to examine if such influence shows separate pathological process compared to healthy controls. We also introduce our recent study of cortical thickness on the disease, applying surface- based analysis 10). Patients with schizophrenia exhibited both global and regional cortical thinning, in multiple regions including the prefrontal and temporal cortices. The correlation between age and cortical thickness showed a similar pattern between patients and controls. These results suggest that the cortical thinning in schizophrenia might not be progressive over the course of the illness, and may reflect pathological processes occurring in a relatively limited period prior to or around the onset of illness.