The damage caused by the Southern Hyogo-ken Earthquake 1995 suffered not only wooden houses but also reinforced concrete structures such as highway, railway and modern building, that is unbelievable in the case of heavy vibration in large earthquake occuring at a far away position. The observation results of the damage make the auther to conclude the reason as follows. At least, from Kobe city to Nishinomiya city, there exsited an unfounded active fault in subsurface ground and it moved with right lateral sense. The fault activity caused the ground surface displacement. Namely, the earthquake damage is estimated to be owing to mono-lateral ground displacement with rebound motion due to the fault displacement.