【Purpose】 The study aim was to clarify the disaster risk perception and the factors associated with increased fear of earthquakes among home care nurses in Japan. 【Method】 An anonymous self-administered web survey was conducted among home care nurses one region in Japan. Demographic factors, risk perception of disasters, disaster awareness, and countermeasures were investigated, and factors related to an increased fear of earthquakes were analyzed. 【Results】 Factors associated with increased fear of earthquakes were confirming evacuation routes (Odds ratio (OR): 3.88, 95% CI(95% Confidence Interval): 1.24–12.22; p=0.020) and the belief that one would not be able to save oneself if a major earthquake occurred during a home visit (OR: 5.01, 95% CI: 1.26–19.99; p=0.023). 【Discussion】 Confirming evacuation routes during home visits may have intensified risk perception and increased fear. The uncertainty of not knowing one’s likely location in the event of a disaster, and the responsibility to ensure the safety of clients during a disaster, may have increased anxiety about not being able to save oneself, thus increasing fear.