The mortality rate caused by coronary artery disease for Japanese has remained extremely low compared with other developed countries, and this may be explained, at least in part, by differences in dietary habits. The Japan Diet, which is also referred as "the traditional Japanese diet," has been shown to contribute to the prevention of coronary artery disease in several studies. The Japan Atherosclerosis Society revised the guidelines for treatment of dyslipidemia to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in 2013. In the section on diet therapy in the guidelines, three items on how to advance diet therapy were recommended as follows: (1) provide patients with an atmosphere for approaching the diet therapy with a positive attitude; (2) correct issues on diet case by case; and (3) support patients to continue diet therapy comfortably for a long time. Since diet therapy also requires scientific evidence, diet therapy according to the latest guidelines for patients with dyslipidemia should be considered.