The effect of sesame seeds containing high levels of sesamin and sesamolin (new lines; A538, B305 and B307) on the tocopherol concentration was studied in rats fed on a diet containing 10 mg/kg of α-tocopherol with 2% or 5% sesame seeds for 14 d. The dietary sesame seeds of the new lines significantly elevated the γ-tocopherol concentrations in both the liver and brain, and tended to elevate those in the kidneys and serum. The dietary contents of both sesamin and sesamolin were correlated with the γ-tocopherol concentrations in the liver, kidneys, brain and serum. These data suggest that the new lines of sesame seeds containing high levels of sesamin and sesamolin would be useful for elevating the level of vitamin E, a potent fat-soluble antioxidant, in the body.