The rehabilitation of oral functions in patients with maxillofacial defects is often required in order to use dento-maxillary prostheses. Preservation of abutment teeth is also important for long-term maintenance of those functions. However, the mechanical and biological stresses on the abutments are generally greater than those on other parts, so various types of abutments have been used to disperse the stress. This study focused on detecting periodontopathic bacteria around the sulcus of abutment teeth by the polymerase chain reaction method. We collected samples from periodontal pockets of three kinds of partial denture abutment: magnetic keepers, implant abutments and konus telescopic crowns. The samples were divided into two groups depending on the clinical symptom of inflammation. The results revealed that bacteria detection ratios were significantly higher in the inflammation abutments than those of non-inflammation abutments. Comparing the abutments, the ratio of magnetic keepers with inflammation was lower than that of other abutments and the control natural teeth. These results indicate that this method is useful for maintaining oral hygiene. Further study is needed for standardizing oral care around the abutments and increasing the number of samples to confirm the conditions of periodontopathic bacteria in various abutments.