In view of the present pipe cold-centering processing system, the present situation of the low degree of automation and the deviation from the center position, this research intends to design a kind of tube billet cold-centering processing system based on laser measurement. The system adopts a movable, high-precision laser displacement sensor to the tubular billet’s outer contour, scanning to get the billet cylindrical contour coordinates, and uses the nonlinear numerical filtering least-square-circle fitting method to get the tube billet’s center coordinates. The research results show that the system has a high degree of integrated automation, and the measuring error is less than 0.1 mm when the transition is made to automation. At present, this system has been successfully applied to production, and it successfully realizes tube billet cold centering online processing.