Purpose : As the child health care community groups to transform the focus of its health checkups from merely detecting illness to promoting the health of children, there is also a great need for a system which properly deals with maternal anxierty and the underlying needs which manifest it during this stressful time for mothers. This research will utilize a model of "maternal anxiety" during the 4th month infant health examination to clarify the relationships between elements of this phenomenon and its structure. Method : 945 mothers of infants undergoing their 4th month health examinations who were living either in 12 cities were asked to complete a self administered questionnaire which asked questions about basic character traits, subjective symtoms of anxiety, parenting philosophy, coping behavior and social support. A structural model for "maternal anxiety" was established, and the distributed structure analysis software Amos 4.0 was utilized for analysis (SPSS11.0J). Results : The weighted coefficient for "maternal anxiety" was shown to be 0.97 (NH=0.871, RMSEA=0.043) based on the 4 latent variables in the hypothetical model. Almost all "maternal anxiety" experienced during 4th month infant health exams was determined by "parenting awareness and confidence". Whereas "child care support" did not directly determine "maternal anxiety", it did heighten "self affirmation" and "parenting awareness and confidence". Conclusion: The results of this research suggest that the most effective means of minimizing maternal anxiety and promoting self maturation through the child raising experience is to strengthen the mother's sense of self affirmation by teaching has to perceive child raising in a positive light and to heighten her confidence as a mother. It is additionally important to strengthen child care support in order to encourage appropriate coping behaviors.