The purpose of this investigation was to comprehend the health behavior in young people who lived in the rural communities and their mental health state. The investigation was executed in February, 1999. One thousand one hundred and fifty-three young men and women who lived in four towns in the northwest of Shizuoka Pref. were extracted at random, and the questionnaires were distributed. The age of the young people were from 18 to 29 years old. They answered it in unsigned. Six hundred and thirty-one people answered the questionnaire, and 602 complete answers were targeted in the analysis. The results were as follows. There were the questions concerning sleeping, taking breakfast, smoking, drinking alcohol, exercise, eating between meals, the body figure, and taking the health examination regularly. And the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) 12 items in Japanese was used to measure the psychological condition. The ratio to which four in eight health behaviors were executed was only 59.8%. Few men and women took the exercise customarily ; men's ratio was 33.3%, and women's one was 21.3%. Moreover, the custom of eating between meals was abundant with the men and women ; men's ratio was 53.5%, and women's one was 81.0%. The ratio of the person who smoked the cigarette of the man was 55.9%. There were differences in the health behaviors between men and women, and the women had selected healthier behaviors than the men. Only 27.1% of the housewife and the part-time workers took regularly the health examination. In those who smoked, the person from whom smoking became a custom in the age of the junior high school and the high school was 30.9%. The 39.7% of the people were poor in their mental health state. The result of logistic regression analysis indicated to take breakfast every day, to sleep for seven-nine hours and feel their body figure to be fit as items to forecast on the psychological condition. From the above-mentioned results, the mental health state in the young people was not good healthy, and it was admitted to relate in their health behavior and the mental health state. When the health care professional talks with young people about their lifestyles, the young people's mental health state should be considered carefully. The health promotion program concerning exercise, eating between meals for the young people, and concerning smoking for the young men might be necessary. It is necessary to execute the education against smoking from an early stage in the elementary school.