Abstract
The breakdown voltages of a longer gap configration in gaseous nitrogen and air which are necessary for designing the superconducting electrical power apparatuses are measured at the temperatures of 293K and 93K. The quasi-uniform electric field made by a sphere-to-sphere electrode whose diameter is 150mm and whose gap length is about 10mm-100mm is used in the measurement of the breakdown voltages. When 50Hz ac and dc voltages are applied to the sphere-to-sphere gap, the breakdown voltage in nitrogen and air obeys the Paschen's law at both room temperature and cryogenic one(93K). When 1.4/50μs lightning impulse voltage is applyed to the gap, the 50% breakdown voltage of nitrogen also obeys the Paschen's law under the condition of UV irradiation to the cathode electrode. However, the breakdown voltage in air at the temperature of 93K increases in the case of lightning impulse voltage applications, and the delay time from the impulse voltege application to breakdown occurrence is apparently longer at 93K than that at 293K.