The purpose of this paper is to apply irrigation waterways to rural environmental development. Particularly, we take notice of waterways in rural area. Conclusions are as follows : 1) On the formative period rural settlements were under the influence of waterways in Nasunogabara area, Tochigi pref., : 2) residents of Anasawa, using waterways, are recognizing water circumstances deeply, but on the other hand residents of Sakitamakaitaku, fenced from waterways, are unconscious of them. In this study, we proposed improvement planning to each settlement through It's local community.