The present study was conducted to identify the relation between villagers' life style and surrounding environments based on the data related to changes in fishing activities in the Nishikinu River basin, Tochigi Prefecture. The results obtained were; 1) the aims of fishing have diversified much such as self-consumption, side-business and pleasure until the 1950s, while it stems on only pleasure at present, and 2) recession of fishing activities has been caused by environmental changes in water courses and canal network, and changes in living style of villagers and cultivation method as well. Finally, some requirements, needed for reactivation of fishing activities were discussed.