A numerical simulation of the fire resistance test of large steel columns is presented. The experimental investigation into the fire resistance properties of axially loaded large steel box columns were described in Ref.(1,2) by authors. In this paper, a procedure for a one-dimensional finite element of nonlinear numerical analysis was applied to simulate thermal deformation, which is described as an elastic-plastic-creep, of steel columns as they are subjected to high temperatures. And the results of the calculations clearly show that numerical analysis can be used to provide accurate predictions of the deformation characteristics of columns at high temperatures, when an appropriate mechanical model and creep strain data of steel materials at high temperature are used.