Gangi-Dôri is a type of alley for pedestrians, which is created as a measure to cope with deep snow. The Gangi which forms part of resident’s homes is made an integral part of the town street so as to form arcade-type sidewalk. In the Edo era, Gangi-Dôri was constructed for the purpose of securing function of passages in the heavy snowfall areas.

 This is a research of private use of spaces under eaves in front of houses （Machiya） and decline of the Gangi-Dori between the Meigi era and the Taisho era in Yamagata Prefecture by focusing on collection of paintings and old pictures. This time, the analysis was limited by the small amount of historical material, and it is necessary to collect and analyze some more historical materials in the future.

 Ujiie cleared the peak period of construction and development of Gangi-Dôri was between the end of the Meiji era and the early Taisho era. On the other hand, as a result of this research, Gangi-Dôri of the Yamagata prefecture was declined between the end of the Meiji era and the Taisho era. The decline of Gangi-Dori had two types.

 1)Eaves in front of houses（Machiya）were used privately by the owners because the space under the eaves were used for business. Furthermore, glass doors and lattices were fitted at the boundary between the eaves in front of houses (Machiya) and roads.

 2)Eaves in front of houses（Machiya）were covered for fire prevention after the big fire. This is a characteristic found in Yamagata prefecture.

 Magobisashi (small eaves) fixed on the eaves in front of houses (Machiya) was sometimes set out for snow protection and business.