Although residents of Asto-Nagamachi Temporary Housing came from various disaster areas, they were able to smoothly build a community and establish a self-governing body. To examine the factors which lead to the community building and establishment of the self-governing body, a survey was conducted on residents' activities. The following results were obtained: (1) There were many residents who were not able to rent a private housing or move into temporary housing they initially desired. (2) Residents who moved in by groups became leaders of the residents' association, and promoted organization of small club activities. (3) Outside supporters provided various opportunities for communication, some of which inspired voluntary activities by the residents.