The purpose of this study is to clarify the meaning of care environment for the elderly people with dementia. For this objective, different three group-livings were surveyed by means of observations of behavior and interviews with staff. Behavior maps were drawn every 5 minutes from morning to night. Some results show as follows : (1) Spatial composition such as the go-round style with circularity and selectivity doesn't always have an effect on staffs' care in quality. Arrangements of the spaces with due regard to the substances of staffs' care would be critical to gain such kind of effect. (2) To deal with the residents, staffs are conscious of successively watching not for the sake of "a posterior care", but for "a prior care". (3) Some of the care is not swayed by physical environment, which is the consequences of the essential qualities of the care.