In order to examine the relationship between the living environment and the health problem such as respiratory symptoms, allergy diseases and chemical sensitivities, a questionnaire survey was conducted to 1,410 5th grade students of 20 elementary schools in Miyagi Prefecture. According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, the following results were found. Genetic factors and urban residency have a big influence on children's health. Housing environment such as structure of house, years after construction, smoking parents, indoor pet keeping, materials of the floor, and domestic chemicals have a big influence on children.